nosh magazine (issue 4) | Page 9

A flurry of interest currently surrounds vitamin D, the so-called ‘sunshine vitamin’. Commonly known for its importance in promoting strong bones and teeth, vitamin D is now receiving attention in almost every aspect of human health. Accredited Practicing Dietitian Jenelle Croatto explains. ow levels of vitamin D have now become a public health issue as many of us; particularly those who are house bound or limit sun exposure do not have adequate levels of vitamin D (blood levels below 50nmol/L). L Sun exposure accounts for 90 per cent of the vitamin D in our body and the amount we need really depends on the season, geographical location and how fair our skin is. There are now many terrific apps such as dminder, which can help you work out your individual requirements for sunlight exposure. The number one dietary source of vitamin D is oily fish such as salmon, sardines, and mackerel. Smaller amounts are found in egg yolks, meat and fortified milk and margarine. Interestingly, mushrooms that have been exposed to sunlight, can also provide a significant boost in vitamin D! Bone health Building strong, dense bones in our younger years is essential in preventing weakened bones later in life. Literally meaning ‘porous bones’, osteoporosis is caused by mineral loss, such as calcium, from the bone at a rate that is faster than the body can replace. A well-known role of vitamin D is to enable adequate absorption of calcium from the intestine and over time a lack of vitamin D will result in bone demineralisation. Pregnancy Cancer For both mother and baby, vitamin D is essential for a healthy pregnancy. Deficiency of vitamin D may place an expectant mother at risk of various pregnancy related conditions including preeclampsia and pre-term labour. Infants born to mothers with low vitamin D levels will also be deficient, as newborns have the same blood level as their mother. Such babies are at risk of developing rickets, which can result in abnormal bone growth and bowing of the legs. Interest surrounding sun exposure and a reduced cancer risk dates back to the 1940s and since this time, there has been a growing interest in the suggested link. As outlined in a 2007 article published in the New England Journal of Medicine a link between common cancers such as colon, breast and pancreatic cancer has been associated with living at higher latitudes and less so in populations which live closer to the equator. Influenza nosh magazine SHINING THE LIGHT ON VITAMIN D A 2013 update on vitamin D published in the Dermato Endocrinology journal explains how our immune system is influenced by vitamin D and that low levels have been linked with various autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. As with cancer, the update discusses the common trend for autoimmune disease to be more common if you do not live in an equatorial region. N While the incidence of “the flu” is thought to be higher during winter due to us living in closer proximity, another theory suggests a link with reduced exposure to sunlight. A 2010 study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition demonstrated that children supplemented with vitamin D during winter were less likely to succumb to the seasonal flu than the children who were given a placebo. Autoimmune Disease JENELLE CROATTO, APD Learn more about Jenelle: website | profile Jenelle is an avid believer that having a good attitude with food is equally as important as eating nutritious food.  Her practical and enthusiastic approach will enable you to set realistic health goals and guide you in achieving personal wellbeing. Her philosophy is simple – eat minimally processed foods close to nature, eat foods you truly enjoy, eat mindfully and love food that loves you back! www.n4foodandhealth.com 9