NIV Biblical Theology Study Bible NIV Biblical Theology Study Bible | Page 140
Matthew 17:4 | 1733
16:19 s Isa 22:22;
Rev 3:7 t Mt 18:18;
Jn 20:23
16:20 u Mk 8:30
16:21 v Mk 10:34;
Lk 17:25 w Jn 2:19
x Mt 17:22, 23; 27:63;
Mk 9:31; Lk 9:22;
18:31-33; 24:6, 7
16:23 y Mt 4:10
16:24 z Mt 10:38;
Lk 14:27
16:25 a Jn 12:25
16:27 b Mt 8:20
c Ac 1:11 d Job 34:11;
Ps 62:12; Jer 17:10;
Ro 2:6; 2Co 5:10;
Rev 22:12
19 I will give you the keys s of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on e
arth will be a
ound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be a loosed in heaven.” t 20 Then he
b
ordered his disciples not to tell anyone u that he was the Messiah.
Jesus Predicts His Death
16:21-28pp — Mk 8:31 – 9:1; Lk 9:22-27
21 From that time on Jesus began to explain to his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem
and suffer many t hings v at the hands of the elders, the c hief priests and the teachers of the
law, and that he must be killed and on the third day w be raised to life. x
22 Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him. “Never, Lord!” he said. “This shall
never happen to you!”
23 Jesus turned and said to Peter, “Get behind me, Satan! y You are a stumbling b
lock to
me; you do not have in mind the concerns of God, but merely human concerns.”
24 Then Jesus said to his disciples, “Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny them
selves and take up their c ross and follow me. z 25 For whoever wants to save their life b will
lose it, but whoever loses t heir life for me will find it. a 26 What good will it be for someone
to gain the whole world, yet forfeit their soul? Or what can anyone give in exchange for
their soul? 27 For the Son of Man b is going to come c in his Father’s glory with his angels, and
then he will reward each person according to what they have done. d
28 “Truly I tell you, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see the
Son of Man coming in his kingdom.”
The Transfiguration
17:1-8pp — Lk 9:28-36
17:1-13pp — Mk 9:2-13
17
After six days Jesus took with him Peter, James and John the brother of James, and
led them up a high mountain by themselves. 2 There he was transfigured before
them. His face s hone like the sun, and his c lothes became as white as the l ight. 3 Just then
there appeared before them Moses and Elijah, talking with Jesus.
4 Peter said to Jesus, “Lord, it is good for us to be here. If you wish, I will put up three
shelters — one for you, one for Moses and one for Elijah.”
a 19 Or
will have been b 25 The Greek word means either life or soul ; also in verse 26.
16:19 the keys of the kingdom. Seems to al-
lude to Isa 22:22 and to refer to the process
of ratifying God’s will on earth by recognizing
new Christians and disciplining those who
rebel against Jesus. will be bound . . . will be
loosed. Heaven is in accord with church au-
thority properly exercised. Matt 18:18 gives
this same privilege to all the apostles, not
just to Peter.
16:20 The “Messianic secret” has appeared
before (see 8:4 and note). In light of Peter’s
imminent failure to accept the passion pre-
diction (vv. 21 – 22), it makes good sense for
Jesus to caution his audience not to talk too
much about him.
16:21 — 28:20 The Road to the Cross and the
Resurrection. Jesus now begins to travel un-
der the shadow of the cross but with resur-
rection hope on the other side.
16:21 — 17:27 Preparation for the Passion.
Jesus teaches about his need to die at the
hands of the Jewish authorities in Jerusalem
(16:21 – 28; 17:22 – 23; 20:17 – 20). Yet to sus-
tain his disciples, his transfiguration (17:1 – 13)
and further miracle-working ministry
(17:14 – 21,24 – 27) give them glimpses of his
glory to sustain them through the dark days.
16:21 – 28 When Jesus predicts his coming
death, Peter rebukes him (v. 22). But Jesus
explains not only that he must suffer but that
anyone who would follow him must suffer
too. Nevertheless, resurrection follows cruci-
fixion. See notes on 17:22 – 23; 20:17 – 19.
16:21 From that time on Jesus began to.
Again this signals a new major section in
Matthew (cf. 4:17; see note there). he must . . .
suffer . . . be killed . . . be raised to life. This
assertion by Jesus was contrary to virtually all
Jewish expectation, yet it was in accordance
with the OT (see especially Isa 52:13 — 53:12).
the elders, the chief priests and the teachers
of the law. The three main groups of temple
authorities in Jerusalem who oppose Jesus
(see also 17:22 – 23; 20:17 – 19).
16:22 never happen. Peter still has a trium-
phant, conquering Messiah in mind.
16:23 Get behind me, Satan. Jesus is not
claiming that Peter is demon-possessed but
that his rejection of the way of the cross re-
flects the attitude of Satan. Get behind me.
Means “Get away from me.” Peter, the “rock”
(v. 18), has quickly become a “stumbling
block.”
16:24 – 25 See notes on 10:38,39.
16:26 What good will it be . . . ? All the mate-
rial possessions and privilege in this world
cannot compensate for spending an eternity
in hell. Nor can any human offer anything to
God to redeem themselves. Eternal life must
be received as God’s free gift. But this con-
text reminds people that it may cost them
their lives.
16:27 come . . . and then. Jesus himself will
return after his death, resurrection, and
ascension. Unlike his coming as a baby in
humiliation, this time he will appear “in his
Father’s glory” to judge all humanity.
16:28 This puzzling statement probably refers
to the very next passage (the transfiguration,
17:1 – 13), in which Jesus temporarily discloses
himself as the exalted “Son of Man coming
in his kingdom.” Other suggestions have in-
cluded the resurrection, the coming of the
Spirit at Pentecost, the advancement of God’s
kingdom through the growth of the church,
and the coming of God in judgment in the
destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans in
AD 70.
17:1 – 13 To sustain the disciples during the
horrible events of his coming passion, Jesus
discloses himself in all his glory to his inner
circle: Peter, James, and John.
17:1 six days. May allude to the period of time
Moses waited on Mount Sinai before receiv-
ing the Ten Commandments (Exod 24:16).
high mountain. Mount Tabor, according to
tradition. Others suggest Mount Hermon or
Mount Meron. No one really knows for sure.
17:2 – 3 transfigured. J esus’ appearance
changes. His dazzling appearance displays
his deity. Moses and Elijah. May represent the
key figures from the Law and the Prophets; as
Messianic forerunners, they testify to Jesus’
true identity.
17:4 shelters. Greek skēnē, the same term
used to translate the Hebrew for the tents,
or tabernacles, in which the Israelites lived
during their wilderness wanderings. This
term is also used for the tabernacle and the
tent of meeting that became the means for
God’s continuing presence with Israel after
Sinai (Exod 25 – 40). Peter proposes pro-
longing this amazing experience by erecting
these.