ORTHODONTICS
CLASSIFICATION OF SKELETAL AND DENTAL MALOCCLUSION : REVISITED
Adil Osman Mageet 1a *
1
Department of Orthodontics , MBR University , Hamdan Bin Mohamed College of Dental Medicine , Dubai , UAE a
PhD , BDS , CES , MSc ( Orthodontics ), M . Orth . RCSEd , FDS . RCSEd , Associate Professor
Cite this article : Mageet AO . Classification of Skeletal and Dental Malocclusion : Revisited . Stoma Edu J . 2016 ; 3 ( 2 ): 205-211 .
Received : July 2 , 2016 Accepted : July 4 , 2016
Available online : August 12 , 2016
ABSTRACT
Introduction : The orthodontic dental classification used datedes for more than 100 years . The skeletal and dental classification of malocclusion has an important role in diagnosis and treatment planning . The aim of this study is to facilitate the grouping of skeletal and dental malrelationships and to build an accurate diagnosis and to suggest treatment planning . Material and method : The main orthodontic classification systems for skeletal and dental relationship were reviewed . Results : The proposed skeletal and dental classification proved detailed accuracy and focus on relating the categories with the suggested treatment planning . The new modification of the skeletal and dental classification explained clearly the occlusal relationship and helped in setting treatment strategies . Conclusions : The present skeletal and dental classification is faster , accurate and easily applicable clinically and dealt with the shortcoming of the previous classification systems . It also helped in the suggestion of orthodontic treatment protocols . Keywords : orthodontic malocclusion , skeletal classification , dental classification .
1 . Introduction In 1930 Simon was the first to relate the dental arches to the face and cranium in the three planes of space : Frankfurt horizontal plane ( F-H plane ), also called ( E-EP ). Or-Po plane . Vertical : Attraction or Abstraction ; Orbital plane ( Perpendicular to F-H plane at the margin of the bony orbit ), anteroposterior : Protraction or Retraction ; Median sagittal plane ( The MSP is determined by points approximate1.5cm apart on the median raphe of the palate . The raphe median plane passes through these two points at right angles to the F-H plane ), transverse : Contraction or Distraction 1 .
2 . Material and Method Salzmann in 1950 was the first to classify the underlying skeletal structure , and he stated that Skeletal Class I : Purely dental with the bones of the face and jaws being in harmony with one another and with the rest of the head . The profile is orthognathic ( Straight ). Then he added divisions to the skeletal I , Division 1 : Local malrelationship of incisors , canines and premolars ; Division 2 : Maxillary incisor protrusion ; Division 3 :
Maxillary incisors retrusion ; Division 4 : Bimaxillary protrusion . Skeletal Class II : Distal mandibular development in relation to the maxilla . The profile is prognathic ( Convex ). He subclassified skeletal II into : Class II / 1 : Narrow maxillary arch with crowding in the canine region ; Class II / 2 : Lingually Inclined maxillary incisors , the laterals may be normal or proclined . Skeletal Class III : Over growth of the mandible with obtuse mandibular angle . The profile is retrognathic profile ( Concave ) 2 . Scholar Edward Hingley Angle ( 1899 ) classified Orthodontic malocclusion in the mesio-distal relationship of teeth . His classification is based on the maxillary permanent 1 st molar where he considered it as the key ridge and accordingly he classified the molar relationship into class I , II and III using Roman numbers and subdivided class II into division 1 and 2 using Arabic numbers 3 . Angle ’ s classification has a number of drawbacks , such us : the Maxillary permanent 1 st molar is not a fixed anatomic point ( key ridge ); cannot classify for mesially drifted , impacted , missing or extracted Maxillary permanent 1 st molars ; did not consider single tooth malposition ; cannot classify
* Corresponding author :
Associate Prof . Dr . Adil Osman Mageet , PhD , BDS , CES ( France ), MSc ( Orthodontic , UK ), M . Orth . RCSEd , FDS . RCSEd Department of Orthodontics , Hamdan Bin Mohamed College of Dental Medicine , MBR University , Dubai , UAE , P . O . Box 505097 Dubai UAE Tel : + 971 4 424 8631 ; Fax : + 971 4 424 8687 , e-mail : Adil . mageet @ hbmcdm . ac . ae
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