My first Magazine | Page 22

PREVENTION OF DENTAL CARIES THROUGH THE EFFECTIVE USE OF FLUORIDE – THE PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH
Acknowledgments The author declare no conflict of interest related to this study . There are no conflicts of interest and no financial interests to be disclosed .
REFERENCES
1 . The world oral health report 2003 . Geneva : WHO ; 2003 . Available from : http :// www . who . int / oral _ health 2 . Petersen PE . Oral health . In : Heggenhougen K , Quah S , editors . International Encyclopaedia of Public Health . Vol . 4 . San Diego : Elsevier , Academic Press ; 2008 . p . 677 – 685 . 3 . World Health Organization . WHO Global Oral Health Data Bank . Geneva : WHO ; 2015 . Available from : http :// www . who . int / oral _ health 4 . Kwan S , Petersen PE . Oral health : equity and social determinants . In : Blas E , Kurup AS . Equity , social determinants and public health programmes . Geneva : World Health Organization ; 2010 . p . 159-176 . 5 . Petersen PE . Sociobehavioural risk factors in dental caries : International perspectives . Community Dent Oral Epidemiol . 2005 ; 33 ( 4 ): 274-279 . 6 . Petersen PE , Baez RJ , Lennon MA . Community-oriented administration of fluoride for the prevention of dental caries : A summary of the current situation in Asia . Adv Dent Res . 2012 ; 24 ( 1 ): 5-10 . 7 . Petersen PE , Phantumvanit P . Toward effective use of fluoride in Asia . Adv Dent Res . 2012 ; 24 ( 1 ): 2-4 . 8 . Petersen PE , Phantumvanit P . Perspectives in the effective use of fluoride in Asia . J Dent Res . 2012 ; 91 ( 2 ): 119-121 . 9 . Zhu L , Petersen PE , Wang HY , Bian JY , Zhang BX . Oral health knowledge , attitudes and behaviour of children and adolescents in China . Int Dent J . 2003 ; 53 ( 5 ): 289-298 . 10 . Zhu L , Petersen P , Wang H , Bian JY , Zhang BX . Oral health knowledge , attitudes and behaviour of adults in China . Int Dent J . 2005 ; 55 ( 4 ): 231-241 . 11 . Petersen PE , Kwan S , Zhu L , Zhang BX , Bian JY . Effective use of fluorides in the People ’ s Republic of China - A model for WHO Mega Country initiatives . Community Dent Health . 2008 ; 25 ( 4 Suppl 1 ): 257-267 . 12 . Jones S , Burt BA , Petersen PE , Lennon MA . The effective use of fluorides in public health . Bull World Health Organ . 2005 ; 83 ( 9 ): 670-676 . 13 . Featherstone JD . The science and practice of caries prevention . J Am Dent Assoc . 2000 ; 131 ( 7 ): 887-899 . 14 . Petersen PE . World Health Organization global policy for improvement of oral health - World Health Assembly 2007 . Int Dent J . 2008 ; 58 ( 3 ): 115-121 . 15 . Petersen PE , Lennon MA . Effective use of fluorides for the prevention of dental caries in the 21st century : the WHO approach . Community Dent Oral Epidemiol . 2004 ; 32 ( 5 ): 319-321 . 16 . McDonagh M , Whiting P , Bradley M , Cooper J , Sutton A , Chestnut I et al . A systematic review of public water fluoridation . York : The University of York NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination ; 2000 . Report 18 , Appendix K , p . 235 . Available from : http :// www . york . ac . uk / inst / crd / fluores . htm 17 . McDonagh MS , Whiting PF , Wilson PM , Sutton AJ , Chestnutt I , Cooper J et al . Systematic review of water fluoridation . BMJ . 2000 ; 321 ( 7265 ): 855-859 . 18 . Demos LL , Kazda H , Cicuttini FM , Sinclair MI , Fairley CK . Water fluoridation , osteoporosis , fractures — recent developments . Aust Dent J . 2001 ; 46 ( 2 ): 80-87 . 19 . Marinho VCC , Higgins JPT , Logan S , Sheiham A . Fluoride toothpastes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents ( Cochrane Review ). The Cochrane Library , Chichester , UK : John Wiley & Sons Ltd ; 2004 . Available from : http :// www . update-software . com / abstracts / ab002278 . htm 20 . Marinho VCC , Higgins JPT , Logan S , Sheiham A . Fluoride mouth rinses for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents ( Cochrane Review ). The Cochrane Library , Chichester , UK : John Wiley & Sons Ltd ; 2004 . 21 . Ripa LW . A half-century of community water fluoridation in the United States : review and commentary . J Public Health Dent . 1993 ; 53 ( 1 ): 17-44 .
22 . Dean HT , Arnold FA , Jay P , Knutson JW . Studies on mass control of dental caries through fluoridation of the public water supply . Public Health Reports ( 1896-1970 ). 65 ( 43 ): 1403-1408 . 23 . Arnold FAJ , Dean HT , Knutson JW . Effect of Fluoridated Public Water Supplies on Dental Caries Prevalence : Seventh Year of Grand Rapids-Muskegon Study . Public Health Reports ( 1896- 1970 ). 1953 ; 68 ( 2 ): 141-148 . 24 . Ast DB , Smith DJ , Wacks B , Cantwell KT . Newburgh-Kingston caries-fluorine study XIV . Combined clinical and roentgenographic dental findings after ten years of fluoride experience . J Am Dent Assoc . 1956 ; 52 ( 3 ): 314-325 . 25 . Blayney JR , Hill IN . Fluorine and dental caries . J Am Dent Assoc . 1967 ; 74 ( 2 ): 225-302 . 26 . Hutton W , Linscott B , Williams D . Brantford fluorine experiment ; interim report after 5 years of water fluoridation . Can J Public Health . 1951 ; 42 ( 3 ): 81-87 . 27 . Kwant GW , Houwink B , Backer Dirks O , Pot TJ . Artificial fluoridation of drinking-water in the Netherlands ; results of the Tiel-Culemborg experiment after 16 1 / 2 years . Neth Dent J . 1973 ; 80 ( 9 suppl ): 6-27 . 28 . Ludwig TG . The Hastings Fluoridation Project V - dental effects between 1954 and 1964 . N Z Dent J . 1965 ; 61 ( 285 ): 175-179 . 29 . Medical Research Council . Working Group Report : water fluoridation and health . London : MRC ; 2002 . Available from : http :// www . mrc . ac . uk / index / public-interest / public-news-4 / public-news _ archive / public-news-archive _ sep _ oct _ 02 / pdfpublications-water _ fluoridation _ report . pdf 30 . Ministry of Health Scottish Office Ministry of Housing and Local Government . The conduct of the fluoridation studies in the United Kingdom and the results achieved after five years . London : HMSO ; 1962 . Reports on Public Health and Medical Subjects No . 105 . 31 . Department of Health and Social Security Scottish Office Welsh Office . The fluoridation studies in the United Kingdom and the results achieved after eleven years . London : HMSO ; 1969 . Reports on Public Health and Medical Subjects No . 122 32 . Künzel W , Fischer T , Lorenz R , Brühman S . Decline of caries prevalence after the cessation of water fluoridation in the former East Germany . Community Dent Oral Epidemiol . 2000 ; 28 ( 5 ): 382-389 . 33 . United States Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Recommendations for using fluoride to prevent and control dental caries in the United States . Morb Mortal Wkly Rep . 2001 ; 50 . Available from : www . bfsweb . org 34 . O ’ Mullane DM , Baez RJ , Jones S , Lennon MA , Petersen PE , Rugg-Gunn AJ , Whelton H , Whitford GM . Fluoride and Oral Health . Community Dent Health . 2016 ; 33 ( 2 ): 69-99 . 35 . Marthaler TM . Overview of salt fluoridation in Switzerland since 1955 , a short history . Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 2005 ; 115 ( 8 ): 651-655 . 36 . Burt BA , Marthaler T . Fluoride tablets , salt fluoridation , and milk fluoridation . In : Fejerskov O , Ekstrand J , et al ., editors . Fluoride in dentistry . 2nd ed . Copenhagen : Munksgard ; 1996 . 37 . Estupinan-Day SR , Baez R , Horowitz H , Warpeha R , Sutherland B , Thamer M . Salt fluoridation and dental caries in Jamaica . Community Dent Oral Epidemiol . 2001 ; 29 ( 4 ): 247-52 . 38 . Warpeha R , Beltran-Aguilar E , Baez R . Methodological and biological factors explaining the reduction in dental caries in Jamaican school children between 1984 and 1995 . Pan Am J Public Health . 2001 ; 10 ( 1 ): 37-44 . 39 . Marthaler T . Practical aspects of salt fluoridation . Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed . 1983 ; 93 ( 12 ): 1197-1214 . 40 . Marthaler TM , Petersen PE . Salt fluoridation - an alternative in automatic prevention of dental caries . Int Dent J . 2005 ; 55 ( 6 ): 351-358 .

138 STOMA . EDUJ ( 2016 ) 3 ( 2 )