MO EDU-SAIL Learning Packages Developing Assessment Capable Learners: Part 3 | Page 33

Professional Development to Practice
Flaws in Reasoning
 Examples of reasoning: cause and effect, summarizing,
classification, compare/contrast, inference, evaluation,
analysis
 Students’ work shows confusion about the steps of
reasoning or concepts in the pattern of reasoning
Examples:
 Students identify characteristics as similar when they are
actually different.
 Students make an illogical inference based on incorrect
information (not in text, not implied, etc.).
(Chappuis, 2015)