Maximum Yield USA 2012 September | Page 88

hOW TO SUCCESSFULLY CHOOSE GROWING MEDIA surface) and adhesion (which is the affinity between water and itself). “ in inches. Let’s take a look at an example of water Water retention curves retention curves for two Labs can accurately measure the water different growing media percentage by volume (v/v in %) at given (see figure two). The two heights of the medium, after saturation media have completely and drainage. The height is measured in different behaviors. inches and the data can be graphically Medium B drains more presented as a water retention curve. easily and holds less water than medium Some labs refer to the height as tension A at any given height (tension). For example, at 5 in., medium A holds 65% water, while medium B holds only 28%. This is because medium A contains a higher percentage of smaller pores. Therefore, a grower who decides to grow in medium B under the same conditions (irrigation technique, container size and shape, and cultivar) has to give more frequent irrigations. On the Figure 2 other hand, if the grower decides 86 Maximum Yield USA | September 2012 Irrigation frequency and amount of water applied with each watering are determined by the available water content of the medium and by the container shape and size. ” to grow in medium A, his main concern would probably be lack of aeration. Other information that we can obtain from water retention curves is the amount of water available to the plant roots. We know that tiny pores can retain water extremely well; however, they might also hold water so forcefully that the plant cannot absorb it. In growing media, water at tensions of 20 to 40 in. is generally considered unavailable to the plant because it is retained in very small pores. In addition, a high content of unavailable water can set the stage for fungal problems and other