Maximum Yield USA 2012 September | Page 133

off and is wasted. Short run cycles also assure that watering stops when the entire growing medium has been moistened. Different growing mediums, as well as growing conditions, will greatly affect the time between waterings for your drainto-waste system. Take rockwool for instance; when watered, it will typically hold a ration of about 80% water to 20% air (remember that plants need oxygen in their roots just like they need moisture). Depending on plant transpiration and evaporation, this medium will go about 24 hours between waterings. Alternatively, utilizing multiple short waterings throughout the day will allow the growing medium to have sufficient drying time before the next watering cycle while keeping the medium moist enough for optimum plant health. Either way, alternating the moisture level between wet and barely moist will result in better plant health and greater yields. As mentioned earlier, each growing medium has different water retention characteristics. Also, remember that an increase in transpiration is normal as your crop matures, which causes higher water demand. (Higher ambient air temperature will also increase transpiration.) Once you know you’re plants’ and growing medium’s characteristics, you will to need dial your drain-to-waste system into the ideal watering cycle. This means you’ll need a quality timer with run time and cycle versatility. There are many different types of hydroponic systems, and what basically divides these into two categories is whether the water is recirculated or drained off to waste. No matter which of these you choose for your crop, be watchful off the common issues specific to each system and deal with them accordingly. Also take notes and do your research so that it gets easier for you with each new crop. Agriculture and horticulture are sciences; treat your crop this way and you will make success common. MY “Alternating the moisture level between wet and barely moist will result in better plant health and greater yields.” Maximum Yield USA | September 2012 131