Considering the phylogenetic relationship of dendritic cells, whose membranes express CD56 (+) antigens, we calculated the ratio of the expression of immature CD1a (+) dendritic cells and mature CD56 (+) dendritic cells, which amounted to 1.52 ± 0.24 for Group I, for Group II - 1.06 ± 0.12, and for Group III - 1.08 ± 0.22, with control values of 0.86 ± 0.09.
Thus, changes in the expression activity of antigen markers of dendritic cells depended on the clinical form of CIN, which makes it possible to use them as an additional prognostic criterion. The degree of expression of apoptosis markers - bcl-2 and BAX proteins was weak or moderate (1-2 +, less often 3 +) in women with CIN 2 and negative - in healthy women and women with CIN 1. At the same time, the expression level of apoptosis markers in patients of all clinical groups correlated as closely as possible (Table 2) with the expression of immature CD1a (+) dendritic cells, which may be a reflection of common pathogenetic mechanisms.
This indicates the significant role of the functional state of dendritic cells in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis activity in women with risk factors for cervical cancer.
When comparing the expression of cell proliferation markers in patients with cervical dysplasia, it was found that the H-score in group I on an anti-apoptotic marker bcl-2 averaged 91.1 ± 5.6, in group II - 106.6 ± 7.7 , in group III - 121.5 ± 7.3, with control values at the level of 100.4 ± 1.6 points. This is a reflection of the stress of adaptive mechanisms and a decrease in the activity of apoptosis in cervical dysplasia.
The highest expression levels of the proapoptotic marker of BAX were determined in patients of the third clinical group - 143.4 ± 2.6 points, significantly more control values (102.2 ± 0.8) and the values achieved in I (66.7 ± 4 , 3) and II (95.5 ± 7.2) clinical groups. These differences are statistically significant (p <0.05), which indicates the activation of the proliferation of the epithelium of the cervix.
When calculating the ratio between the expression of the markers BAX and bcl-2, it was established that for group I the value of this index, which reflects the activity of apoptosis, was 1.37 ± 0.2, for group II - 1.11 ± 0.3, for group III - 1.18 ± 0.4, and for the control group - 1.02 ± 0.4. Thus, for CIN 1 there were peculiar higher values of the activation index of proliferation than for CIN 2, which is characterized by high values.