Louisville Medicine Volume 66, Issue 12 | Page 31

REVIEW and varied metaphorical connotations. Metaphors about the heart abound in many languages and cultures since. Conventionally, magnanimity, passion, grandiosity, altruism, charity (caritas), compassion, sympathy, human concern and de- votion: all have resided in the heart. The heart was considered the engine that generated heat and was the fountain of human action, courage, love and desire including spiritual love of God or the worldly love of another human being. “Even if those connotations are outdated, they are still deeply relevant to how we think about this organ and how it shapes our lives,” Jauhar writes. St. Augustine believed in the primacy of the heart and considered the heart as the repository of spirituality. Over the centuries, the heart became the main seat and domain of love, sacred as well as profane. Blaise Pascall points out, “It is the heart who feels God, not reason. There you have what faith is: God sensed by the heart, not by reason.” A heart metaphor for love and kindness appears to be central in many cultures. The heart is mentioned over 1,000 times in the Bible - “Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God.” (Psalms 24:3- 5.) In the Quran, the heart is mentioned 132 times and Professor Ole M. Hoystad (in A History of the Heart Reaktion Books, London 2007) calls Islam the heart culture, as in “the day when wealth and children will be of no benefit except for who will appear before Godwith Qalbe Saleem - pure and sound heart.” The last century has seen many transformative and epoch-mak- ing procedures performed on the heart. Jauhar discusses the first open heart surgery performed by an African American physician, Dr. Daniel Hale Williams in Chicago in 1893. Other procedures and discoveries are discussed in detail including cardiac cathe- terization, electrophysiologic studies and ablative procedures for dysrhythmias, catheter-based interventional procedures including coronary stenting, coronary artery bypass surgery and valvular heart surgery, surgeries for congenital cardiac malformations and many other interventions. The invention of permanent pacemaker, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator and cardiac assist devices as bridge to cardiac transplantation are a few others worth mentioning. Throughout the book, Dr. Jauhar provides narratives of per- sonal experiences with his own family and numerous patients and their travails, frustrations and disappointments. Triumphs of technologic advances, use of intensive care units, rhythm control, revascularization procedures and use of cardioprotective drugs are all described with their backgrounds and emergence as mainstream therapies. The book is a masterful tapestry of the amazing narrative of advancement in medical science and art coupled with his personal expertise as a cardiologist and a heart failure specialist. The book is a delight to read. Dr. Seyal practices cardiovascular diseases with Floyd Memorial Medical Group-River Cities Cardiology. MAY 2019 29