JUNE-JULY 2018 Digital copy | Page 68

book in series The main displacement adjustment diagrams, which are usually applied to axial piston pumps, are shown below (see next chapter for an in-depth analysis of each compensator and their problems). The two cylinders are the internal elements for the adjustment of the plate or the moving cylinder block: the cylinder provided with a spring is the opposing piston, that keeps the pump in maximum displacement, while the other is the inclination piston. The valves connected to the inclination cylinder represents the operating type of the real controller, directly assembled outside the pump casing. Figure 4.68 Also variable displacement pumps with rotary cylinder block in line with the drive shaft have very few differences in respect to the fixed type, like the mechanism that performs the inclination of the plate (Figure 4.69). They are quicker than bent axis versions in the transients because the disk has less inertia than the cylinder block, they are cheaper to manufacture and can be mounted in tandem. The pressure compensator or controller keeps the delivery pressure constant, albeit with flow variations. Pump output (standby) is carried out by adding a monostable solenoid valve 3/2 to the controller. In the NC version (normally closed solenoid valve), the solenoid excitation operates the standby; the NO (normally open solenoid valve) is excited during the operational phases and immediately starts the pump output then the voltage supply switches off (Figure 4.71). Figure 4.71 Figure 4.70 Displacement adjustment circuits Except for manual control setting, displacement variation is performed by automatic controllers, which adjust pressure or flow, or all the parameters altogether, which keep power constant. 68 | JuNe-july 2018 | Global MDA Journal Figure 4.72