Optical Prism July 2016 | Page 24

TREATMENT FOR ADULTS WITH LAZY EYE by Adrienne Brown IN CANADA, MOST OF THE TWO TO THREE PER CENT OF THE POPULATION WHO SUFFERS FROM SOME DEGREE OF AMBLYOPIA – COMMONLY KNOWN AS LAZY EYE – ARE LUCKY ENOUGH TO HAVE THEIR SYMPTOMS IDENTIFIED IN CHILDHOOD, WHEN THE CONDITION IS EASILY TREATED. In fact, until now, it was believed that amblyopia, a condition where the eye does not see clearly even when vision is compensated with lenses, could only be treated in young children, whose brains are still developing and therefore quite responsive, and that no treatment or correction was available for adults. However, new research by Dr. Ben Thompson, a vision scientist at the University of Waterloo, suggests that adults with amblyopia may be able to improve their sight with low voltage electric currents. In a proof-of-concept series of experiments, Thompson and his colleagues applied transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the surface of patients’ heads for twenty minutes. “The positive results tell us that even with a short application, there was improvement,” says Thompson. It suggests that the adult brain can adapt, after all. with the transmission of information in the brain. “We have to change the way the brain is interpreting information.” A release from the University of Waterloo states that untreated amblyopia can increase a patient’s lifetime risk for legal blindness by 50 per cent. Thompson and his colleagues at the University of Waterloo have been working with Sun Yat-sen University in China and collaborators from McGill University, University of Auckland Next, Thompson and his colleagues will move their research to a clinical situation and start testing with eye charts, for example. In their preliminary studies, after one week, patients had returned to baseline. So now Thompson and his team want to look at repeated exposure to see if patients can maintain the change they saw immediately. “I’m optimistic,” says Thompson, “this could be used to augment other types of intervention.” “WE HAVE TO CHANGE THE WAY THE BRAIN IS INTERPRETING INFORMATION.” and Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Thompson, whose research is concerned with human visual cortex development and plasticity, has recently been focusing on amblyopia and identifying treatments for adults. From a practical perspective, amblyopia can restrict people from certain professions, such as with the military or in emergency services. Similarly, if adults with amblyopia suffer any other type of visual impairment to their “good” eyes, they then face more serious vision problems with no strong eye at all. “The brain is receiving mismatched images,” says Thompson. The issue is not with the eye itself, he says, but “It’s an issue we need to address and research in this area is building momentum,” says Thompson. Proudly Supporting Eyecare Professionals since 1988 We are one of Canada's largest Optical Buying Groups. Thompson says his research could open up a new area of treatment that optometrists could possibly use in their offices. “The previous view was that it could not be treated,” he says, so no attempts were even made. “What we are showing here, and in other facilities around the world, is that adults can even recover stereoscopic vision, but we need to identify the right interventions for them versus children,” whose brains can much more easily adapt to treatments. Call us: 1-800-263-0010 Visit us: theopticalgroup.ca