Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 51-1CompleteIssue | Page 50

J Rehabil Med 2019; 51: 47–53 ORIGINAL REPORT PAEDIATRIC CEREBRAL PALSY PREVALENCE AND HIGH-RISK FACTORS IN HENAN PROVINCE, CENTRAL CHINA Junying YUAN, MPhil 1,2 , Jun WANG, PhD 2 , Jieqiong MA, MD 2 , Dengna ZHU, MD 2 , Zhenhuan ZHANG, MPhil 2 and Jianan LI, Mphil 1 From the 1 Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, and 2 Children Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of, and risk factors for, cerebral palsy in Henan province, China. Methods: The prevalence of cerebral palsy in child- ren aged 0–6 years between September 2011 and September 2012 was investigated using a stratified- clustered-random sampling method. An age-, sex- , and residence-matched control group of typically de- veloping children was recruited. Univariate analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to identify risk factors associated with cerebral palsy. Results: The prevalence of cerebral palsy in Henan province was 2.37 per 1,000 live births. Risk fac- tors included: moving into a newly painted room; complicating maternal diseases (infection, heart di- sease, hypertension, anaemia, diabetes, kidney di- sease) during pregnancy; high gravidity (> 3); foetal asphyxia; low birth-weight (< 2,500 g); and hypox- ic–ischaemic encephalopathy. Conclusion: The prevalence of cerebral palsy in Henan province was 2.37 per 1,000 live births. Pa- rents and clinicians should be aware of the risk fac- tors for cerebral palsy. Key words: prevalence; high-risk factors; rehabilitation sta- tus; cerebral palsy. Accepted Aug 2, 2018; Epub ahead of print Oct 9, 2018 J Rehabil Med 2019; 51: 47–53 Correspondence address: Jianan Li, Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China. E-mail: [email protected] C erebral palsy (CP) describes a group of non- progressive neurological conditions that affect the foetal and infant brain (1–4). In developed countries, the prevalence of CP is approximately 1.4–2.9 per 1000 live births (2, 5–8). Liu et al. (9) reported a prevalence of 1.6 per 1000 live births based on a survey of 7 cities in China. Recently, with technological developments in healthcare, there has been a marked improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of CP in China. In previous studies, researchers have proposed that high-risk factors for CP include asphyxia at birth, low birth-weight, and maternal infection (10, 11). It remains unclear whether factors such as age at preg- nancy, socioeconomic status, and mode of delivery are associated with the prevalence of CP. LAY ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the prevalence of ce- rebral palsy in children aged 0–6 years old in Henan Province, Central China. Meanwhile, An age-, sex-, and residence-matched control group of typically developing children were recruited to identify risk factors associa- ted with cerebral palsy. According to the epidemiolo- gical results,the prevalence of cerebral palsy was 2.37 per 1,000 live births, risk factors included moving into a newly painted room, complicating diseases (infection, heart disease, hypertension, anemia, diabetes, kidney disease) during pregnancy, high gravidity (> 3), foetal asphyxia, low birth weight (< 2,500 g), and hypoxic– ischemic encephalopathy. CP rehabilitation varies from country to country. Children with CP may go to special schools or ordinary schools and, in some developed countries, receive rehabilitation training in school (12). A national registry of individuals with CP in China has not been established, and no large-scale epidemiological investigation of paediatric CP in the Chinese population has been conducted. Moreover current investigations of risk factors associated with CP in China are usually limited to a single-centre experience; large-scale ana- lyses are sparse (13). Finally, rehabilitation status and educational opportunities are seldom reported in China. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of, and risk factors for, CP in Henan province, central China. METHODS Study population The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and ethics committee of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (2017AFZZ05). All caregivers (parents/guardians) provided written informed consent to participate with their children. In order to investigate the prevalence of CP in Henan pro- vince, approximately 50,000 children aged 0 to 6 years 11 months were investigated. In this province, there are 18 cities, comprising 464 communities, and 108 counties, consisting of 1,892 townships. Eight cities and 1 community within each city were selected randomly. Twenty-six counties and 1 town within each county were also selected randomly. Each community was considered as an urban area sample, and each township as a rural area sample. All children who lived in these areas for more than 3 months, who were born between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2010, were recruited. If more than one child This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license. www.medicaljournals.se/jrm Journal Compilation © 2019 Foundation of Rehabilitation Information. ISSN 1650-1977 doi: 10.2340/16501977-2486