Jewish Life Digital Edition April 2015 | Page 69

GLUTEN 101 WHAT EXACTLY IS GLUTEN? Gluten is not a grain. It is in fact a protein compound. Gluten is a mixture of two proteins present in cereal grains, especially wheat, and is responsible for the elasticity of dough. It’s kind of like glue – making dough stretchy and giving bread its sponge-like properties. Gluten is found in a myriad of products, from the usual suspects like bread and bagels to those that are not nearly so obvious. PHOTOGRAPHS: ILAN OSSENDRYVER; ILLUSTRATIONS: ALLFREEVECTORDOWNLOAD.COM COMMON GLUTEN CULPRITS • Wheat/wheat bran/wheat flour/wheat germ/wheat starch/wheat-berries • Rye • Barley • Oats/oatmeal/oat bran/oat flour/whole oats (oats are tricky, because they are technically gluten-free; however, cross-contamination often occurs. So be sure to opt for pure, uncontaminated, gluten-free oats) • Durum • Semolina • Kamut • Spelt • Malt • Bulgur wheat • Couscous • Tabouleh • Udon • Bread • Pasta/noodles • Pancakes • Baked goods (cookies, crackers, doughnuts, cupcakes, cakes, muffins, etc) • Matzah • Flour • Wholemeal flour • Beer, ale, lager • Brewer’s yeast TOP 5 GLUTEN-FREE CHOICES: 1 Quinoa 2 Sweet potato 3 Wild brown rice and basmati rice 4 Corn/ mielies 5 Buckwheat GLUTEN-FREE SUBSTITUTIONS Simply substituting gluten-free flour for all-purpose flour in baked goods doesn’t always work… but here is a guide for replacing 1 cup of flour in basic recipes: • 1 cup fine maize meal • ¾ cup potato flour • ¾ cup rice flour BAKING TIP: BE SCIENTIFIC ABOUT IT 1 cup = 140grams GF baking can be rather tricky, especially when it comes to substituting the quantities correctly. The best advice is to use a kitchen scale rather than cup measurements. Whenever a recipe calls for 1 cup of traditional flour, substitute 140 grams of your favourite gluten-free all-purpose flour mix. GLUTEN’S NOT-SO-OBVIOUS SNEAKY HIDING PLACES There are some baffling and highly unexpected foods that can contain gluten: • • • • • • • • Some mustard and curry powders Soy sauce Teriyaki sauce Some brands o