Ispectrum Magazine 16 | Page 35

The key to immunohistology: The binding feature A ntibodies are formed in certain blood cells in response to substances that the immune system classifies as harmful. These so-called antigens are molecules that are located, for example, on the surface of viruses or bacteria. Again, the antibodies bind certain areas of the antigens called epitopes. This way, they signal the immune system to reduce these foreign binding structures. This binding character is also useful in diagnostics: In the immunohistology or immunohistochemistry procedures there are antibodies inserted to make certain structures, such as proteins, visible. “These procedures have been used since the late 70’s and have been continuously improved and expanded,” explains Jürgen Frerichs, head of DIANOVA GmbH (www.dianova.com), one of the established commercial enterprises in the sector. 34