Internet Learning Volume 1, Number 1, Fall 2012 | Page 12
An Inquiry into Relationships between Demographic Factors
And Teaching, Social, and Cognitive Presence
Hispanic
10,316
Asian
11
2,063
Age status
Non-traditional
Traditional
89,755
13,411
For the Teaching Presence subscale, the aggregate mean was 4.367 with a standard
deviation of 0.806.
Forward method linear regression resulted in three of the variables being statistically
significant predictors of the criterion variable (the aggregate mean of teaching presence
indicators) (Table 2).
Table 2.
Forward method linear regression predictors of criterion variable: teacher presence
Unstandardized
Standardized
coefficients
coefficients
t
Sig.
729.790
0.000
−0.052
−16.840
0.000
0.005
0.036
11.461
0.000
0.007
−0.020
−6.459
0.000
B
SE
4.403
0.006
Constant
Ethnicity—Caucasian
−0.096
0.006
Gender—Female
0.062
Traditional student status
−0.048
Beta
The relative contributions of each of the predictor variables to the significant predictive
model are listed in the Model Summary below. The Forward method in SPSS enters predictor
variables one by one in order of decreasing significance. Table 3, therefore, illustrates the
changes in Adjusted R2, for the significant predictors of the criterion variable, as each variable is
entered: