that employs lane-by-lane and vehicle drive-cycle models coupled with an iterative approximation method to provide performance statistics ( delay , queue length , stop rate ) and estimates of capacity . The use of Highway Capacity Manual ( HCM ) version of SIDRA Intersection is based on the calibration of model parameters against the highway capacity manual . SIDRA Intersection allows modelling of separate Movement Classes ( heavy vehicles , light vehicles , buses , bicycles , large trucks and light rail / trams ) with different vehicle characteristics . These movements can be allocated to different lanes , lane segments and signal phases , for example for modelling bus priority lanes at signals .
The LOS provides a qualitative ranking of the traffic operational conditions experienced by users of a facility . The HCM defines the LOS category for freeways and multilane highway as follows : a . Free Flow Traffic . Individual users are practically unaffected by the presence of other vehicles on a road section . The choice of speeds and the manoeuvrability are free . The level of comfort is excellent as driver needs minimal attention . b . Steady traffic . The presence of other vehicles on the section begins to affect the behaviour of individual drivers . The choice of the speed is free , but the manoeuvrability has somewhat decreased . The comfort is excellent , as the driver simply needs to keep an eye on nearby vehicles . c . Steady Traffic but Limited . The presence of other vehicles affects drivers . The level of comfort is quickly decreased , and the choice of speed is affected , and manoeuvring requires vigilance . In contrast , the effect of an incident at LOS A or LOS B are minimal , and cause only minor delays in the immediate vicinity of the event d . Steady traffic at high demand . The speed and manoeuvring are severely reduced . Low level of comfort for the driver . A slight increase of the traffic risks causing some operational problems and saturating of the network . e . Traffic at saturation . Low but uniform speed . Manoeuvring is possible only under constraint of another vehicle . The user is frustrated . f . Congestion . Describes a breakdown in vehicular flow . Vehicles actually operate at low speeds in these conditions and are often required to come to a complete stop .
METHODOLOGY
In this study , there are three peak periods daily which normally occur at 7:00 to 8:00 in the morning , at 13:00 to 14:00 in the afternoon and at 17:00 to 18:00 in the evening . The traffic data was collected at the T-Intersection at Bukit Chedang Rasah Seremban on April 20 , 2017 ( Thursday ), April 21 , 2017 ( Friday ) and April 22 , 2017 ( Saturday ) using a video camera in order to record the whole movement of vehicles at the intersections . Traffic flow data was extracted from the videotapes of each intersection . All the videotapes were studied visually to extract the traffic volumes and turning movements for analysis . Every vehicle coming from all the approaches was recorded on pre-prepared data collection sheets . Hourly counts were used as input data for analysis . The studies used computer simulation to estimate emissions before and after optimisation and traffic flow data was analysed using SIDRA version 6.0 .
START
General parameters selection and input data decided to meet software requirements
SIDRA 6.0 running & check phasing division
Remodelling if needed
Optimisations & Re-modification
END
Figure 3.1 : Optimisation plan for SIDRA 6.0
45