INGENIEUR
Toyota Camry Hybrid
Volvo V40
Figure 3 – Placement of visual indicators for Volvo and Toyota models
positively altered their driving behaviour. Despite
this, there was a substantial proportion of owners
who felt annoyed and distracted with the BST
system due to unwarranted warnings from various
sources and receiving too many warnings during
traffic congestion; leading to some drivers tending
to disable the system. This definitely defeats the
purpose of introducing such an advanced system
into the market. In other words, the intended
benefits of the BST system cannot be optimally
achieved if the system is not well accepted and
widely utilized by potential users.
Therefore, there is a need to “firm up” the
BST system by taking into account the human
machine interface (HMI) issues identified from the
study. Such an innovation is likely to be useful if
the driver understands the information displayed
and acknowledges its reliability [3]. A driver needs
to know the operational status of the system,
whether there are faults or malfunctions and
more importantly, the driver needs to recognize
warnings as well as their meaning.
In this case, the location of visual alert varies
between manufacturers and models. In certain
Volvo models, as shown in Figure 3, the visual
indicator is placed at the A-pillar of the car on both
driver and front passenger sides. On the other
hand, the Toyota Camry Hybrid has the indicator
on its side mirrors as illustrated in Figure 3. The
different location of visual alert may affect how
drivers respond to the systems.
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This shows that there are still issues that need
to be resolved in the current DAS before self-
driving vehicles can be realized in this country and
region as a whole. The study by MIROS only covers
a small portion of potential issues that may arise
from the use of DAS, specifically the BST system in
this country. There are also several other aspects
that need to be looked into in order to ensure
a smooth transition to the l