Ingenieur Vol 73 ingenieur Jan-March 2018 | Page 79

Source: PDRM Road Accident Statistics Report, Motorcyclists vs Other Road Users In Malaysia, vehicle accidents ranked fifth in the ten principal causes of death for 2014 as reported by Department of Statistics (Perangkaan Sebab Kematian, Malaysia, 2014). Over the past few decades, the number of people dying from road traffic injuries has increased by approximately 20%. In terms of exposure measure, the number of registered vehicles has increased tremendously in 20 years with more than a 200% increment while the population in Malaysia maintains a steady growth with an average of a 2% increment yearly (Road Transport Department, Department of Statistics). Exposure and indices play an important role in measuring the road safety status of a nation. The fatality index (per 10,000 vehicles) for the year 2015 was 2.55 (Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research, MIROS). It means that there were three deaths per 10,000 vehicles in Malaysia. On the other hand, the the fatality index per hundred thousand population for 2015 was 21.5 which means that there were 22 deaths per 100,000 population in Malaysia. The total number of people who died on the road in 2015 was 6,706 people. On average, 18 people died on the road daily. In 2015, 489,606 road accidents were recorded while there were only 162,491 of such cases in 1995 (Polis Diraja Malaysia, PDRM Statistics Report). The increment is more than 200% and it is in line with the increase of vehicles registered. Looking into detailed figures, accidents were consistently slightly higher in the third quarter of the year. The Raya celebration period fell in the third quarter from 2011 until 2015. During this celebration, people made more trips to travel back to their hometowns, visit relatives or attend open-houses. Similarly, the number of road deaths was also significantly higher in the third quarter of the year. On average, there were more than 600 deaths per month in the third quarter period compared to the other months. This trend has continued since 2009. In 2015, a total of 894,274 vehicles were involved in road accidents (PDRM Statistics Report). 70% out of the total were cars while only 14% of the total vehicles involved in road accidents were motorcycles. Even though the number of motorcycles involved in road accidents was fewer than cars, due to their vulnerability on the road, motorcyclists suffered more severe injuries compared to drivers of other vehicles. Generally during the accidents, motorcyclists suffered head injuries which led to death or brain injury. Statistics in 2015 showed that more than half of the motorcyclists’ deaths were due to head injuries. More than half of the people who die on the road every year are motorcyclists. A 150% increase in fatalities was recorded, compared to 1985. Based on the historical crash data, the number of motorcyclists who died on the road 77