Ingenieur Vol 62 April-June 2015 Ingenieur Vol 62 April-June 2015 | Page 61

Figure 2: Roadmap of Lean Product Design (LPD) Formation of GVE Council -Dismantle parts -Grouping / Organize into sub-assembly -Display / Visual Management Step 1 Product Tear Down -First Who…..then What -Concurrent team approach -Engineering, Production, Quality Control, Purchasing, Sale, Maintenance, Product Design -Component cost analysis -Sorting using Pareto Chart -Identify Vital Component for improvement Step 2 Prioritization Step 3 -VOP : Verb-Noun function expression -VOC : Adverb-Adjective function expression Function Analysis -Compare with competitors -Idea generation using 4 guiding questions Q1: weight reduce Q2: geometry reduce Q3: alternative cheaper material Q4: lesser scrap residual -Refine idea and select design -Change and develop design -Potential risk analysis – FMEA -Pilot test / Prototyping -Quality evaluation (internal / external) -Customer approval Step 4 Comparative Analysis Step 6 Validation Step 5 Creation NG risk of component and product failure but also any risks to the manufacturing process and production line. FMEA can eliminate excessive physical testing, hence reducing unnecessary cost and speeding up product development; ii. Conduct pilot production using sample new design components to build a prototype to verify actual performance against design performance; and iii. Draft and finalize the specifications needed to govern the “effective” usage of new design components in the process and production lines. The main specifications are: ●● A standard working manual to guide operators in handling the product, ●● Pro c e s s and machine s e t ting specifications for each work station, and ●● Incoming quality control specifications for newly designed components. Verifications of real life prototype performance data from both internal and external sources is another important task in validation. Essential internal data is quality reliability, defect rate, OK Step 7 Completion -Follow up -Financial effect -Reporting incoming quality (CpK value) of new components, process specification and overall machine efficiency. Important external data is fallout rate at customer line. The above validation procedures are illustrated in Figure 1. Step 7 – Completion This is the final phase of the lean product design. Two major tasks are required namely follow-up and reporting. Main follow-up areas include: i. Consistency of suppliers in producing new components that comply with the new design specifications; ii Adaptability and suitability of components used in the work stations producing finished products; and iii. Final product quality performance at the customer side. The completion of the project needs to be documented and reported to the management. The contents of the report include design changes, ap