Ingenieur Vol 61 January-March 2015 | Page 66

INGENIEUR that the role of the power system control centres/national load dispatch centres will be transformed into the role of a Transmission System Operator (TSO). TSOs also include all grid owners/operators regardless of unbundling status. Since nine out of ten AMS operate on a nominal system frequency of 50Hz, it is envisaged that interconnections between the AMS national power grids within the APG will mostly be AC interconnections, except asynchronous interconnection with the national power grid of the Philippines, which operate on 60Hz DC asynchronous interconnection will not have the type of operational issues associated with synchronous AC interconnections, potential solutions recommended for operational issues in this document will focus on solutions for synchronous interconnections. Potential solutions proposed take these developments into consideration and use the term TSO instead of power system operator or load dispatcher in the deliberation. Way Forward Most of the potential solutions recommended are deemed essential to be implemented before the APG is in full operation. These recommended requirements or provisions will require more in - depth examination taking into consideration specific situations in existing grid codes and power grids of all AMS. Such examination and development of specific requirements may 6 64 ASEAN Power Grid Control Area Control Block Interconnection Figure 3: Relations between Control Blocks, Control Areas and APG have to be under taken in consultation with respective national regulatory bodies and other stakeholders. There are examples of minimum common standards of other large regional power grids that have been in operation for quite some years. HAPUA may wish to explore the adoption of some of the major elements, e.g. frequency and voltage control standards, warning and alert systems, etc. as the bases for minimum common standards for APG. One very vital provision is to develop real-time monitoring capability of all TSOs and to establish an ef ficient and reliable communication network for information sharing among all TSOs. This would minimise the risks of miscommunication among TSOs and expedite necessar y remedial action within the shortest possible time. However, due to the VOL 61 JANUARY – MARCH 2015 VOL 55 JUNE 2013 in f r as t r u c tu r e a n d c os t s involved, an implementation plan would have to be drawn out jointly by all countries in order to achieve the stated objectives. C o mp r ehensi ve sys tem defence plan and System Restoration plan for the APG is another important set of processes and procedures that need to be developed in c o nsul t a t io n w i t h all stakeholders. Other Important Factors ASE AN members are at different phases of economic development as well as at different phases of restructuring their electricity sectors. It is important to ensure that the minimum common standards which are to be adopted would not hinder economic development or restructuring electricity sector. Similarly, AMS Government agencies