Indian Politics & Policy Volume 1, Number 2, Fall 2018 | Page 62

Foreign Assistance in India’s Foreign Policy: Political and Economic Determinants Table 1. DAC ODA (Official Development Assistance) 1960–2017 Year ODA (U.S.D. Mn) ODA as a Percent of GNI 1960 4,676 0.51 1970 6,713 0.33 1980 26,304 0.35 1990 52,808 0.33 2000 54,021 0.22 2010 128,484 0.32 2012 127,030 0.29 2013 134,847 0.30 2014 137,139 0.29 2015 131,563 0.30 2016 144,965 0.32 2017(p) 146,600 NA Source: OECD, accessed July 11, 2018—http://www.oecd.org/dac/stats/data.htm Note: 1. (p) is for preliminary; NA is for not available 2. The values are basis current prices (last updated April 9, 2018) 3. For raw data, see the file “Longterm-ODA” and “TAB01e” bers not part of DAC; (ii) EU members from Central and Eastern Europe that are not part of the OECD; (iii) Middle East and other OPEC; (iv) “others” that do not fall into the above three categories (including China and India). Of the third subgroup above, mainly the oil-rich Arab donors, while these are not members of the OECD’s DAC most report their aid to the DAC although not necessarily according to DAC definitions or disaggregation (for example, do not report debt forgiveness as ODA unlike DAC). Arab aid started in the 1970s, with five aid agencies being established between 1971 and 1976, led by the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait. The average net aid for these three states between 1973 and 2008 was 1.5 percent of GNI, 59