India-Malawi India-Malawi 2019 | Page 22

THE INDIAN COMMUNITY IN MALAWI HISTORICAL CONTRIBUTIONS IN THE COUNTRY’S POLITICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT By Paul Chiudza Banda* I ndia and Malawi share long historical roots dating back to the era of British colonial rule in both countries. While India’s colonization took place in the mid-18th century, Malawi’s turn (then known as the Nyasaland Protectorate) occurred in the late 19th century. That shared history has often meant that despite the two countries being thousands of miles apart, their peoples have had similar historical trajectories, both during the colonial and post- colonial periods, addressed in this article. I will focus on the following thematic areas: (a)when and why did Indians begin to come to Malawi; (b) what roles did they play during the colonial period; (c) the roles they played during the fi ght for independence; and (d) the roles they have played in Malawi’s post-colonial political and economic development. 22 • INDIA-MALAWI • 2019 Signifi cant Indian migration into what is now Malawi began to appear at the end of the 19th century and early 20th century. The Indian migrants came as an appendage of British colonial rule. Many of the migrants did so to seek economic opportunities in British Central Africa (now Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe). Just like the European migrants of the time, the Indians were enticed by the hope that more mineral resources would be discovered to the north of South Africa (the so-called ‘New Rand’). While the ‘New Rand’ was not discovered, the Indians found a niche and began to operate their own businesses, serving as middlemen traders, in the wholesale and retail markets, serving Malawians with European manufactured goods. As British rule became entrenched in Malawi, the colonial officials often looked