iHerp Australia Issue 5 | Page 34

Left: The Common Mealworm should not make up a large portion of the diet. Image by MarioM. Source: Creative Commons (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en). Below left: Black Soldier Fly larvae are extremely high in calcium. Image by Dennis Kress. Source: Wikimedia Commons (MD-Terraristik – Laut [1] ist Dennis Kress Mitinhaber des Unternehmens). Bottom: silkworms are also one of the most nutritious feeder insects available. or remove the head of a mealworm before feeding it to your reptile or amphibian. Giant Mealworm (Zophobas morio). The giant mealworm is another mealworm alternative and is a great supplementary food for large dragons and monitors. With a slightly better calcium to phosphorous ratio than the common mealworm, these insects should still only be fed in moderation. Giant mealworms must not be stored in the fridge, unlike the common mealworm, as they do not tolerate cooler temperatures and will die. Mealworms. Common Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor). Mealworms are yet another widely used and commonly available live insect food source. However, they should not make up a large portion of any reptile or amphibian’s diet due to their limited nutritional value. Mealworms are very high in fat, low in calcium (1:7) and have a hard, indigestible, chitinous exoskeleton. Mealworms should only ever be offered as a treat to your reptiles and never fed to young or very small animals. Many lizards will eagerly take mealworms, but if overfed they may become obese and there is also risk of impaction due to a build up of chitin in the digestive tract. There is a common myth that mealworms can chew their way out of the stomach of an animal once consumed. This is untrue and there is no need to crush Silkworms. Silkworms are one of the most nutritious feeder insect options available to any reptile or amphibian keeper in Australia. The superior nutritional content of silkworms should never be underestimated as they offer the perfect variety of vitamins and miner- als in a neat, easily-digestible package. Silkworms are very high in calcium, protein, magnesium, iron and sodium, as well as vitamins B1, B2 and B3. Furthermore, silkworms are low in fat and do not have a hard exoskeleton like many other live feeder insects, so they can be fed to animals of any age or size. An enzyme found in silkworms called serrapeptase has many beneficial properties and promotes increased calcium absorption and the breakdown of arterial plaque, as well as acting as an anti-inflammatory agent. Black Soldier Fly larvae. When it comes to live feeder insects, the Black Soldier Fly larvae (BSFL) takes out the number one spot. These insects have only become readily avail- able to Australian hobbyists in recent years but can now be purchased from good specialty reptile stores and online. The larvae are extremely high in calcium and are the only feeder insect that naturally offers the perfect calcium to phosphorous ratio. BSFL are very high in protein and low in fat, resulting in accel- erated growth rates for any animal fed on a diet of these grubs. They also contain lauric acid, which