iHerp Australia Issue 11 | Page 3

The ‘Wrangler’ Writes... iHerp Australia Snake Catching and the Serpents of The expo season is upon us, to Thailand for the first time, I pointed out to my friend unusual the terrible condition of the elephants’ feet. We had to white lun and this provides a wonderful give the elephants pedicures according to a strict set of people in Issue 11 | Mar - Apr 2019 rules, and it amazed me that in Thailand, where elephants Professo opportunity to catch up with old are part of the culture, this is not done. scientist others. friends, make new ones, find out iH: Did you keep any reptiles in those days? As fate w what’s going on in the reptile PK: When I was about ten years old I got some Greek prepared Land Tortoises - they were my first reptiles. As a it wa graduate who and community, and perhaps acquire Janne Torkkola is a sleep deprived zoology/genetics teenager, on weekends I used to catch a tram to the violently outskirts of Stuttgart where there were a number of ponds. option w Citizen Cane. some great new animals. It’s also operates Controlling I caught endemic lizards and snakes, and legless and mother c a snake removal service in Brisbane and enjoys writing lizards, as well as frogs to feed my snakes. I bought a During m Should you kill time for another great instalment baby alligator from a pet shop and a juvenile African Australia Rock Python from limited a dealer who turned up at the zoo. I who I ha that Cane Toad? podcast in his science very spare time.... of iHerp Australia, your FREE conducting a wildlife think it cost me about 50 or 60 Deutsche Marks (the convince equivalent of about AUD 175). got on th online reptile resource! It's 2:00 am on a warm, early summer morning in The phone rings and Interview: I'm instantly Peter awake. After years of Krauss. iH: When did you complete your apprenticeship? iH: Whe Brisbane. There's fog on the road, and steam rises from late night call-outs for snakes, various A life lizards, full of turtles, incredible We are very fortunate in this mammals or birds, adventures and sometimes – just bizarre questions at the asphalt to condense on the windshield, so I'm and reptiles. issue to lead off with an article constantly adjusting the airflow, temperature, and wipers even more bizarre hours, it's become kind of an autono- from one of Australia’s best- Snake switch Catching and to see clearly enough to negotiate the empty streets. I’m mous response to take a breath, on the bedside g n i e e s n o p u , n a e b b i r a C s d r i B y l l a r e d e f d e t c e t o r p e r a s t n e d i s e r e h t r e d n u y l t c e r i d t a f s u o n i t a l e g known scientists, Professor Rick Shine. For years, the s Serpents g n i s p a l l o c s n o e g i P d e p a n - y l a c S e l t r u T a e S n e e r of G e h South t , ) n o r t s a l p f o t c A s e i c e p S d e r e g n a d n E e h t y b driving towards the industrial suburb of Wacol, southeast lights, grab a pen and pad, f o and try not to sound overly n i g r i V e h t y b y l l a c o l d n a , 3 7 9 1 t A . d o o f f o k c a l m o r f d n u o r g e h t n o e b o t r a e p p a y a B s ’ n e g a M Rick and his team have been researching the East f o h c a e b n i a m e h t , y a B s ’ n e g a M d n a d e r e g n a d n E s d n a l s I s i n o i t a Queensland. l u p o p e h t d n a , g n i v i r h t of the city centre. Inside a warehouse, the late-shift staff sleepy or grumpy while seeing what comes next. This . 0 9 9 1 f o t c A s e i c e p S s u o n e g i d n I - c e h 5 . 7 2 ( s e r c a 8 6 , s a m o h T t n i a S d e r e g n a d n e r i e h t e t i p s e d , e l b a t s effects of the Cane Toad on our native wildlife, - u t r i v s a w t a t i b a h e m i r p f o ) s e r a t g n a d n e y l l a c i t i r C . s u t a t s d e t s e v r a h y l l a i c r e m m o c r e g n o l o N have spotted a small, brown-coloured snake in the time it's a call-out, possibly for d a e r e venomous snake. , e n a c i r r u h e h t y b d e t a r e t i l b o y l l a s e l t r u T a e S l l i b s k w a H y l h g i h a ( e e p i l a c d n a t a e m r i e h t r o f What’s New? and investigating possible control measures. Their o s l a e r a ) a t a c i r b m i s y l e h c o m t e r E ( , w o l l e y - t h g i l f o r e y a l d e t e v o c - ) s e r a t c e h 2 . 2 ( s e r c a e v i f g n i d u l c n i bathroom. 5 1 , s m l a p t u n o c o c h t i w d e t n a l p Ben’s Reptiles 101: 26 ground-breaking research and extraordinary results , s d n a l t e w f o ) s e r a t c e h 7 . 6 ( s e r c a 4 . 2 ( e r c a - x i s s u o i g i t s e r p a d n a ‘To have and to hold’. make for compelling reading. Incidentally, Rick has . s e e r t c i t o x e f o m u t e r o b r a ) e r a t c e h d e r e d i s n o c s a w d n a l f o p i r t s s i h T Handling Captive Reptiles. a terrific new book out that we have reviewed in this g n i w e i v r o f s e l a c o l t s e b e h t f o e n o g n i y d u t s d n a s p r e h l a c o l e h t o t g n i d r o c c A . e f i l n a i v a c i m e d n e issue. A Good Book. 29 e h t e c n o o s l a s a w y a b e h t , d n e g e l d n a e t a r i p e h t r o f t n i o p g n i r o o m ‘Cane Toad Wars.’ Next we chat with Peter Krauss about his amazing , e k a r D s i c n a r F r i S r e d a r t e v a l s s p i h s t u o d e t u o c s e h e c n e h w m o r f lifelong involvement with reptiles. Initially trained as a . r e d n u l p r o f e p i r iHerp at LARGE. 30 zookeeper in Germany, Peter worked at Melbourne Revamped Reptiles t n e l l e c x e n a l l i t s s i y a b e h t , y a d o T s e l t r u T a e S n e e r G t o p s o t e c a l p a Hit at Kellyville. Zoo, was subsequently curator at the Australian d n a g n i h s i u g n a l , ) s a d y m a i n o l e h C ( 1. a e s f o s w o d a e m e h t n i g n i d e e f c i t a u q a d n u o r - r a e y e s e h T . s s a r g Reptile Park under Eric Worrell, and after moving BioSupplies – 32 . 3 more than a million to Queensland made a living out of catching Cane . 2. Toads and achieved a number of breeding firsts. a c i R o crickets t r e u P n i l l a f d n every a l s e k a m month! a i r a M e n a c i r r u H . 1 . a r a z z i v a l y b e g a m I . 7 1 0 2 r e b m e t p e S n i ‘Nocturnal, small and brownish in co Plus, Janne Torkkola takes us snake catching in e h t n i a i r a M d n a a m r I y b Your d e s u a c Pic. n o i t c u r t s e D . 2 34 . s o i l l e D s a l o k i N y b e g a M . s d n a l s I n i g r i V S U the Brisbane suburbs, and Vickie Lillo investigates 1. A harmless juvenile Carpet Python (Morelia sp ‘Forest Guardian’. d e r e v o c e r e v a h s d n a l s i e h t h g u o h t l A . 3 2. A weakly-venomous Brown Tree Snake (Boig the impact of hurricanes on the herpetofauna of s e n a c i r r u h e h t f o s t c e f f e d e n i b m o c e h t , t a h w e m o s . o l l i L e i k c i V y b e g a m I . e l b i s i v y l r a e l c l l i t s e r a irregularis). the Caribbean. Kit Prendergast has contributed s e l t r u T a Legitimising e S l l i b s k w a H d e r e g n Latin. a d n e y l l a c i t i r C . 4 e g a m I . s The f e e r y b Lasting r a e n e h t n o Legacy d n u o f y l t n e u q e r f e r a a fascinating analysis of the methods of snake ‘BOA CONSTRICTORS . n h e u K e l l e b a s I y b have a ‘safety first’ policy, and are t n i a S f o of h c a Carl e b n i a m Linnaeus. e h t s i y a B s ’ n e g a M . 5 4. the most SAFETY locomotion (there are seven in all), and of course, t s e b e h t f o e n o d e r e d i s n o c s a w d n a , s a m o h T Ben Dessen is along; this time to examine 3. which of . s d r i b c i m e d n e d n a s p r e h l a c o l e h t w e i v o t s e c a l p CONSCIOUS of snakes. ’ The Eye of the . y d e Storm. n n e K n a I y b e g a m I our scaly friends will tolerate human handling! Herps and Hurricanes 3. Burton’s Legless Lizard (Lialis burtonis) can often be mistaken Lastly, for those considering learning a second in the Caribbean. as a snake by members of the public. language, I have put together a piece on the 4. ‘father A highly-venomous young Eastern Brown Snake (Pseudonaja Limbless Locomotion. textilis). As juveniles, these snakes are primarily nocturnal lizard of modern taxonomy’, Carl Linnaeus. A little bit of hunters. All images courtesy Janne How Torkkola. serpents have Latin can get you a long way in garnering important adapted to life without legs. information from species names, and reptiles are no exception. The more you dig, the more you discover about the astonishing achievements of this intrepid Swedish scientist. . 5 We hope you enjoy this issue, and will return with a special on ‘venom’ in May. Meanwhile, if there is John McGrath Facebook: a reptile expo in your area, we recommend you get Publisher: [email protected] www.facebook.com/iherpaustralia/ along and experience the latest the hobby has to IT & Marketing: Andy Round Postal Address: [email protected] 12 Haines Street Mitcham, Victoria, 3132 offer. South East Queensland. CONTENTS 4 4 12 12 20 20 Unlimited by a legless lifestyle. Climbing steep surfaces poses challenges for any animal: the entire body weight must be continually lifted, in addition to preventing slipping (and potentially fatal consequences). Despite lacking grasping limbs, claws or the adhesive toe pads present in other arboreal animals, snakes from diverse lineages have independently evolved to be remarkable climbers. Snakes use muscular gripping forces to climb, as do primates, but have a distinct advan- tage because their entire body can be used (rather than just the hands, feet and sometimes the tail), enabling them to grip branches spanning a wide range of diameters. 36 If snakes are climbing rough, relatively horizontal surfaces with adequately-spaced irregularities, they can shimmy up without needing to use their body for additional grip. But when climbing smooth, steep, cylindrical structures, snakes use a type of concertina locomotion involving periodic static gripping: looping the body around a branch one to three times, stretching forwards, then looping around again and dragging the lower part of the body up behind. This ‘friction-gripping’ concertina locomotion prevents slipping, but requires the application of considerable force, and involves a lot of stop-starting. Energy expenditure is high, and progress relatively slow. Given the energetic cost of using muscular forces to gr inclined, cylindrical surfaces, and that snakes have con erable control over the size and orientation of their grip one would expect some economisation in that a minimu amount of exertion would be used. Yet a study in 2014 found that this was not the case; rather, snakes have a policy of ‘safety first’ and will grip the substrate with a safety factor often exceeding three. Of the five species examined, Boa Constrictors, the species least specialise for an arboreal existence, were the most safety consciou with safety factors of five recorded. Nevertheless, the extra force may represent an overall energy saving, be- cause it minimises the risk of slipping backwards, whic may be energetically costly given that any ground lost must be recovered. 44 44 50 Happy Herping! John McGrath Social Media: Vince Pintaudi Additional Design: Rachael Hammond Next Issue: May 2019. Website: www.iherpaustralia.com.au 50 Advertising Enquiries: [email protected] [email protected] On the cover: Professor Rick Shine remembers growing up in Brisbane, ‘If you encountered a Cane Toad, the only socially acceptable response was mayhem!’ Image by Matt Greenlees. Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in our published works are those of the author(s) and do not reflect the opinions of iHerp Australia or its editors. The information contained has been obtained by iHerp Australia from sources believed to be reliable. However, neither iHerp Australia nor its authors guarantees the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein and neither iHerp Australia nor its authors shall be responsible for any errors, omissions, or claims for damages, including exemplary damages, arising out of use, inability to use, or with regard to the accuracy or sufficiency of the information contained in iHerp Australia publications. All rights reserved.