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the North from Pytheas to Tacitus. Arctic 37: 341-346.
1
pp. 69-72 in Science Diplomacy: Antarctica, Science, and
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Levere, T.H. (1993). Science and the Canadian Arctic.
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2
Mercator, G. (1595). Revised map of Polar Regions. London: British Library.
17
Barentz, W. (1598). Polar Map. Amsterdam: Cornelis
Cleasz.
18
3
Petermann, A. (1865). Karte der arktischen und antarktischen Regionen. Mitteilungen aus Justus Perthes’ Geographischer Anstalt, Tafel 5, Frankfurt.
Heathcote, N.H. deV. (1957). ‘The First International
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4
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Nansen, F. (1897). Farthest North. (2 vols.) London: MacMillan.
Zorgdrager, C. (1720, 1727). Bloeijende Opkomst der
Aloude en Hedendaagsche Groenlandsche Visscherij.
Amsterdam.
6
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Martens, F. (1765). Spitzbergische und Groenlandische
Reisebeschreibung im Jahr 1671. Kosten, Hamburg.
8
Scoresby, W. (1820). An Account of the Arctic Regions with a history and description of the Northern
Whale-Fishery. Constable, Edinburgh.
Freuchen, D., ed. (1962). Peter Freuchen’s book of Arctic Exploration. New York: Coward-McCann. (Some of the
accounts in this book have been shown to be inaccurate;
but it does well in explaining ‘the urge to explore.’)
Roots, E.F. (1982). Anniversaries of Arctic Investigation:
Some Background and Consequences. Trans. Royal Society of Canada, Ser. IV, vol XX, 373-390.
19
Laursen, V. (1957). ‘The Second International Polar
Year,’ in Annals of the International Geophysical Year.
London: Permagon Press.
20
Hacquebord, L. (2010). ‘The Dutch Contribution to the
Second International Polar Year 1932-1933,’ pp. 184189 in S. Barr and C. Luedecke, eds., The History of the
International Polar Years (IPYs). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
21
Roots, E.F. (2007). Science at the Ends of the Earth.
Whitehorse YK Canada: Yukon Science Institute, 1-14
plus attach.
22
9
Giaever, J. (1954). The White Desert. London: Chatto
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23
Sullivan, W. (1961). Assault on the Unknown; The International Geophysical Year. New York: McGraw-Hill Book
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24
Wood, A. and R. French (1983). The Development of
Siberia, People and Resources. Constable, London.
10
Ford, C. (1966; reprinted 1992). Where the Sea Breaks
Its Back. Boston: Little, Brown.
11
Starkov, V. (2001). ‘A History of Discovery and Development of Spitzbergen,’ in V. Rjabkov, ed., Glacial Eldorado
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12
Royal Society, London (1773). Minutes, Council meeting 17 January 1773. London: Royal Society Library and
Archive.
13
Phipps, C. (1774). A Voyage towards the North Pole
undertaken by His Majesty’s command, 1773., London:
Nourse Publishers.
14
Elzinga, A. (2010). ‘The Achievements of the IGY,’ pp.
259-268 in S. Barr and C. Luedecke, eds., The History of
the International Polar Years (IPYs). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
25
26
Comite Arctique International (1989). Brochure. Oslo.
Each of the conferences listed has produced a book
with the title given here, under which they can be found
in a scientific bibliography. For example, the papers from
the 1980 conference are published as Rey, L., ed., The
Arctic Ocean: the Hydrographic Environment and the Fate
of Pollutants. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
27
Roots, E.F. (1985). The Northern Science Network: Regional Co-operation for Research and Conservation. Nature and Resources, vol. XXXI, 2-10.
28
Savours, A. (1984). ‘A Very Interesting Point in Geography.’ the 1773 Phipps Expedition towards the North
Pole,’ pp 402-428 in L. Rey, ed., Unveiling the Arctic, Arctic Institute of North America, vol. 37.
15
29
Roots, E.F. (1984). ‘International and Regional Coopera-
tion in Arctic Science: a Changing Situation,’ pp. 127-156
Roots, E.F. (2011). ‘Background and Evolution of Some
Ideas and Values that have Led to the Antarctic Treaty,’
16
73
03 Contributions of Former IASC Presidents
in Rapport fra Nordisk Vitenskapelig Konferanse om Arktisk Forskning Tromsø: University of Tromsø Press.