tensor imaging is performed, and can be linked
to epileptogenesis. 8 Furthermore, white matter
abnormalities appear to be more evident in
children with early onset and refractory epilepsy,
with persistent seizures seeming to determine
extensive connectivity alterations in brain areas
crucial for language, social development and
global cognitive functioning. 9
Management of tuberous sclerosis-related
seizures
Table 1 summarises treatment options for
TSC-related seizures.
Anti-epileptic drug treatment
The treatment of epilepsy associated with TSC
still represents a great challenge for clinicians,
due to the high rate of refractoriness, which is
evident in up to 67% of cases. 3 Early onset seizures
should be promptly treated with vigabatrin,
which has been shown to be able to stop infantile
spasms in up to 95–99% of cases. 10 Although its
efficacy in focal seizures might be lower,
treatment should not be delayed because it has
been shown that a sh