HHE 2018 | Page 22

chart 14 Number of physicians per 100,000 inhabitants and number of physicians per 100,000 inhabitants working in hospitals: Year 2015 Physicians per 100,000 Physicians per 100,000 working in hospitals 700 600 500 77 200 300 400 Ire la y 0 100 chart 15 Number of practising nurses per 100,000 inhabitants: Years 2000 and 2015 2000 2015 Variation: Years 2000-2015 70% 1800 61% 1600 60% 49% 1400 1200 37% 35% 1000 800 600 30% 28% 23% 20% 17% 12% 12% 5% 400 7% 3% 10% 5% 2% 1% 200 In the last 16 years, the total current health expenditure has more than doubled in most European countries 22 HHE 2018 | hospitalhealthcare.com to nurses. In many cases nurses and general practitioners acquire new skills and competencies, relieving the burden of hospital care by enforcing primary care institutions and community services. In 2014, EU15 had 359 practising physicians and 943 practising nurses per 100,000 inhabitants and EU13 had 284 physicians and 577 nurses per 100,000 inhabitants. In 2015, the share of practising nurses per 100,000 registered the lowest values in Greece (321), Latvia (468), Poland (520), Spain (529) and Italy (544). The highest values belong to Germany (1,334), Finland (1,466), Denmark (1,670) and Switzerland (1,795). In the same year, the lowest share of practising physicians was registered in Poland (233), United Kingdom (279), Slovenia (283), Ireland (288), Luxembourg (291) whereas the highest values were in Germany (414), -12% 0 40% 34% 27% 23% 50% 39% 0% -10% -20% Sweden (419), Switzerland (420), Lithuania (434) and Austria (510). Between 2000 and 2015, the number of both practisng nurses and physicians increased by 20% in the EU, according to information available. These figures provide evidence of the policies implemented, or at least the trends for the management of healthcare professionals, especially concerning the allocation of resources and responsibilities between doctors and nurses. In the EU, the average rate of nurses per physicians is about 2.1 points. In 2015 the highest values were in Luxembourg (4.1), Switzerland (4.3), Denmark (4.6) and Finland (4.6). In these countries, there is a high shift of competencies from physicians to nurses. Conversely, countries where the values are lower are Spain (1.4), Italy (1.4), Latvia (1.5) and Austria (1.6). In 2015, physicians working in hospital