GORV - Digital Magazine Issue #31 | Page 40

RV FEATURE DOLLAR AND SENSE IN PART 4 OF OUR SIX PART SERIES ON LITHIUM BATTERIES, WE LOOK AT HOW THEY STACK UP ON A COST BASIS. If you’re the sort of caravanner who rarely leaves the confines of the bitumen and spends most of your time in a caravan park, then save yourself reading further as lithium batteries are not going to offer you value until prices come down considerably (as we predict they will) over the next five years. For those who value independence from the electricity grid, lithium batteries offer the practicality of being lighter, and easier to store and charge — and that’s before we look at the dollars per watt equation. You want your power to last longer. Lithium batteries holds their voltage up higher for longer and don’t suffer from that slow downward spiral of the voltage that we all know of with a lead acid battery. Devices that need power draw a certain amount of wattage (amps x volts) to operate. Simple maths states that if you decrease the voltage, the battery needs to supply more amps to maintain the same power, which means you will draw your available power down faster (i.e., draw more amp hours). While we are on capacity of lithium batteries, some simple sums: Recommended depth of discharge (DoD) for AGM: 50 per cent. Recommended DoD for LiFePO4: 80 per cent. 100Ah AGM battery: 50Ah. 100Ah LiFePO4: 80Ah. 40 \ LITHIUM BATTERIES PART 4 The difference: 30Ah or 60 per cent more capacity. Let’s look at the dollars and cents… COSTS Deep-cycle application: 100Ah, 50 per cent DoD cycled daily. Cost: 12V 100Ah AGM battery: $300; 12V 100Ah LiFePO4 battery: $1500. Cycles at 50 per cent DoD: AGM: 650+; LiFePO4: 6500+. ROI on hardware: Will replace AGM nine times before replacing LiFePO4 (9x$300=$2700). Cost per usable kilowatt hour (kWh): AGM: 12Vx50ah=600Wh x 650 cycles = $300/390kWh = $0.77c/kWh LiFePO4: 12Vx80ah=960Wh x 3500 cycles = $1500/3360kWh = $0.45c/kWh SUMMING UP Now a Lithium battery is designed to be discharged to 20 per cent remaining capacity. You can see in the above that by using lithium to its real capacity, and the massive number of cycles they are capable of, that lead acid batteries are 70 per cent more expensive overall for each unit of energy utilised, and that you would have had to replace your lead acid batteries about nine times to meet the same one lithium battery. — BMPRO ambassador David Bayliss