GORV - Digital Magazine Issue #28 | Page 31

RV FEATURE such that it makes no sense to continue to use such vehicles. Some countries (such as Norway) offer major financial incentives to change. The only realistic alternative power is electrical. A petrol engine is about 25% efficient (i.e., 75% is lost mainly as heat), but an electric motor is 80 to 90% efficient (heat loss is a mere 10-20%). A huge benefit of electric motors for caravan towing is that electric traction motors develop maximum (and considerable) torque when most needed – at zero and low rpm – enough for restarting on an ultra-steep hill, or moving with ease in deep sand. A current downside is that almost all of Australia’s grid energy is obtained by burning fossil fuel in far-from-clean power stations. It hence makes no sense to use an electric-only car – unless that electricity is generated from solar. Here, the electricity industry is at odds with government policy – the industry seeks to use solar, tidal and wind power. While not many do so, some, who (like myself) have 6kW-plus home solar, run small electric cars from their excess energy. This can be done at night if necessary, by selling excess solar power to an amiable grid supplier and buying it back again at low, agreed off-peak rates at night. THE IDEAL RIGHT NOW Right now, the ideal tow vehicle is a hybrid 4WD. This is because a hybrid generates less pollution than an electric-only car run from Australia’s current grid power. This must inevitably change but the situation is currently driven by politics rather than valid technology. Eventually, as our grid power is progressively produced from non-fossil sources, and automotive electric charging stations are at least as common as our current petrol stations, hybrids will progressively be phased out. This is likely to happen in Australia by 2030. In Norway it already has. BENEFITS FOR TOWING Unless there is a truly major change in battery technology (unlikely) that would enable lighter and more energy-compact batteries, electric vehicles suitable for towing caravans are likely to be some 400kg heavier. Providing existing caravan weight classifications remain unchanged, this additional weight is a major safety benefit for on-road caravans. It is likely to result in tow vehicles outweighing caravans. It will not adversely affect offroad tow vehicles as their tyres will be correspondingly larger. One major change may need to be to a secondary source of electrical energy for RV domestic use. This may well be the fuel cell that at last appears to be other than limited to the Efoy products that use methanol to generate 12 volts DC. / 31