Global Custodian Spring 2019 | Page 36

[ M A R K E T R E V I E W | B L O C K C H A I N ] T he global techlash was a term first coined by The Economist to describe mounting consumer apathy towards all things digital. Having been initially captivated by the novelty of intelligent home devices like Amazon’s Alexa, more people are now turning their backs on the Internet of Things (IOT), a tech subset epitomised by products such as Wi-Fi enabled kettles and smart fridges as concerns grow about their security, cost and actual usefulness. A similar trend is visible in financial services whereby market incumbents are asking more astute questions about blockchain’s appli- cability and substance. A study by Deloitte, for example, found 44% of US corporates believed blockchain to be overhyped, a signif- icant rise from the 34% recorded in a similar survey conducted in 2016. But is this growing cynicism about blockchain a rejection of the technology itself or a sign that it is reaching maturity? Five years ago, the blockchain start-up scene was full of buoyancy and dynamism as the industry gushed over distributed ledgers the weight of negative cash flows – closed down in 2017 and 2018, a trend which many experts are confident will accelerate well into 2019. Some experts also retorted that many blockchain impresarios were too busy out fundraising which distracted them from running the day-to-day operations at their nascent companies. Even a handful of the larger, better known blockchain dis- ruptors are beginning to implement steep job cuts and forced redundancies as the market environment becomes increasingly challenging and volatile, a situation not helped by the wildly swinging price of digital assets. “Securities markets are a very complex ecosystem, highly regulated and intermediated making it difficult for some block- chain companies to properly disrupt the industry,” says Philippe Ruault, head of digital transformation at BNP Paribas Securities Services. “Many of these FinTechs simply lacked the financial resources to sustain their businesses over the long-term, while not all of the applications and use cases they trialled were suc- cessful.” Start-ups have not been the only victims of the blockchain ma- nia gripping markets over the last five years. Alarmed blockchain companies would eat into their already shrinking revenues, banks and infrastructures launched proof of concepts (POCs) to validate the technology’s use cases. The results have been dispiriting with Deloitte estimating that of the 26,000 block- “Many of these FinTechs simply lacked the financial resources to sustain their businesses over the long-term, while not all of the applications and use cases they trialled were successful.” PHILIPPE RUAULT, HEAD OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, BNP PARIBAS SECURITIES SERVICES potentially streamlining antiquated opera- tional processes across the financial services spectrum. In securities markets, blockchain enthusiasts spoke persuasively about trans- forming clearing and settlement models, collateral management, corporate actions, KYC, and AML checks, among other areas. Despite the vitality and ambition of these FinTech start-ups, 2018 was a brutal reality check for many of them. While a lot of entrepreneurs successfully crafted their own proprietary blockchain prototypes, very few were able to properly monetise the ventures, either because they were attempting to solve an imagined or irrelevant business issue or simply owing to the fact they simply lacked a passable or sustainable strategy. Survival of the fittest Predictability, a number of these blockchain start-ups – having exhausted all of their seed or early-stage capital and struggling under 36 Global Custodian Spring 2019 chain projects which began in 2016, 92% failed. Such desultory statistics make it harder for technologists at banks to elicit POC funding from treasury departments, who are rightly hesitant about allocating resources to projects that are not viable. It’s not all bad news Despite the high POC fail rate, the industry should not give up on innovation altogether or write off blockchain. Firstly, it is unfair to characterise blockchain in a negative light, because people were guilty of originally overstating the technology’s capabilities. Instead, market participants need to gain some perspective. For instance, when the Internet celebrated its tenth decade, pioneers such as Google or Facebook did not even exist. “It is still early days for blockchain as the technology has only been around for 10 years. The technology is certainly evolving and it may even one day take a form which is completely differ- ent to what it is like today. History has shown us that technology can evolve very quickly and dramatically,” says Rob Palatnick, chief technology architect at the Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (DTCC). It is also undeserved to dismiss start-ups. While many have indeed closed, the successful ones have forged close and