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Variable cost per unit decreases because of increases in productivity. Both revenues and total costs are linear. Question 8. Question : The degree of operating leverage (DOL), at any sales volume, is equal to: Student Answer: (Operating profit - fixed expenses) ÷ sales. (Sales - variable expenses) ÷ operating profit. Operating profit ÷ (fixed expenses - variable expenses). Sales ÷ (fixed expenses - operating profit). Fixed costs ÷ Total contribution margin. Question 9. Question : Sales forecasts are the first step in the budgeting process of a merchandising firm because: Student Answer: The revenue data are easiest to generate. Sales information is precise in amount.