Gauteng Smallholder November 2015 | Page 17

MULCHING Mulch your beds to save gallons D rought or no drought, time spent watering a garden might be therapeutic but could be spent doing something more productive if one could minimise the water loss from the garden through evaporation. And the simplest way to do that is to put a layer of organic matter around the plants on top of the soil. In other words, mulch. Smallholders with livestock will, quite likely, have been feeding their animals through From page 14 Listen to hear if the pump kicks on and off while water is not being used. If it does, you have a leak. Make every effort to prevent pollution by preventing any development activities which may impact on the quality of groundwater. This includes the construction of new buildings, even on neighbouring smallholdings, and particularly applies to the establishment of new sewage or septic tank systems. It also refers to storage or disposal of waste, such as used motor or cooking oil. Not only should we protect our own water supplies, but we must be aware of the water resources of all our neighbours. Easier said than done on most holdings, but guard against over-grazing the land or any other land-use practices which threaten groundwater resources. We need to be sensitive in our use of fertilisers, herbicides and pesticides to ensure that our groundwater is not contaminated. After all, we don't own the water, we only have the right to use it. Finally, we must play our part in ensuring that future generations have access to water that is fit for use. Report water pollution to your local authority or the Dept of Water Affairs on the toll free number 0800 200 200. Smallholders should be very conscious of how they use water in the home for cleaning and cooking, as well as outside for gardening, irrigation of crops and watering of livestock. And, smallholders ~ most of whom use boreholes for at least part of their water supply ~ should also think about groundwater management. Groundwater is water that is found beneath the ground surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations. Where this groundwater occurs in reasonable quantities, these water-bearing layers of rock are called aquifers and have been compared to saturated sponges, with networks of interconnected cracks and holes extending hundreds of metres below the ground. Groundwater differs from surface water because of the contrasting physical and chemical environment in which it occurs, although the water itself is essentially part of the same overall cycle. As users of groundwater, it is the smallholders’ responsibility to ensure the sustainability and quality of the groundwater system on the plot. Those of us who have boreholes need to keep our pumps running as efficiently as possible. Check your borehole pump periodically. Continued on page 16 15 www.sasmallholder.co.za