Gauteng Smallholder March 2016 | Page 35

From page 28 in breaking up soil that has become compressed. This he most common cultivar is Nooitgedacht. The leaves can improves drainage and air movement in the soil. This be cut and the tubers left in radish also helps combat the ground so that regrowth nematodes. Many producers takes place. and researchers are experiRadish is a good crop for menting with cover crop rotational cropping systems, especially after a few years of mixtures that combine radish pasture just prior to planting a with legume cover crops that grain crop. Fodder radish can fix nitrogen (eg grazing vetch) and temperate grasses (eg, be grazed but, to optimally use most of the plant material, black oats), hence providing more persistent residues. it can be removed from the K Lucerne is often described soil and fed to livestock. It has already been noted that as the king of fodder and is the radish is particularly useful well known as a winter fodder crop. The planting time is September to March. Lucerne averages around 15% protein, and is a preferred choice of feed for a Lucerne, the king of fodder crops IN THE FIELD wide variety of animals including equines, cattle, sheep, goats and game. Normally the lower dormancy varieties (dormancy 4/5) are used for grazing, medium dormancy (dormancy 6/7) can be used for grazing and haymaking, and high dormancy (dormancy 9/10) are used mainly for haymaking they're a lot less dormant and therefore still grow throughout winter. (source: Bulkseeds.co.za). Lucerne's deep root system is a great compaction-buster. Lucerne has a very deep rooting system and the plant can grow to 4-9 m in total length. After the formation of its crown, it can withstand continuous grazing. It is a perennial that can live for up to eight years and the flowers are very attractive to bees. K Annual ryegrass is a quickgrowing, non-spreading bunch grass, and is a reliable, versatile performer almost anywhere, assuming adequate moisture and fertility. It does a 33 www.sasmallholder.co.za fine job of holding soil, taking up excess nitrogen and outcompeting weeds. Ryegrass has an extensive, soil-holding root system, so it is useful in combating soil erosion. Its dense yet shallow root system improves water infiltration and enhances soil tilth. Rapid aboveground growth helps to supply organic matter. It makes palatable forage.