Gauteng Smallholder June 2016 | Page 22

SCORPIONS Movies have given them a bad rap H ollywood has done scorpions no favours by allowing people to believe that they are all highly dangerous and that a scorpion sting is bound to be fatal. This is far from the truth. There are about 130 species of scorpion found in South Africa, and in fact only two species cause death. Contrary to popular belief not all scorpions are highly venomous. Southern Africa is home to the world's least venomous scorpion as well as one of the world's most venomous scorpions. As Jonathon Leeming, renowned local arachnid specialist points out, more people are killed by dogs, run over by cars or die of lung cancer than from scorpion stings. Scorpions are predatory arthropod animals of the order Scorpiones within the class Arachnida. They have eight legs and are easily recognised by the pair of grasping pedipalps and the narrow, segmented tail, often carried in a characteristic Parabuthus transvaalicus 20 www.sasmallholder.co.za forward curve over the back, ending with a venomous stinger. They generally eat anything they can overpower. This includes insects, spiders, other scorpions, earthworms, gastropods, as well as small reptiles, mammals and amphibians. South African scorpions can be divided into three ecological categories according to their choice of habitat, namely burrowing scorpions, rockdwelling or arboreal species. The scorpion to look out for is the thicktailed Parabuthusgenus. It can grow up to 11–14cm long. Parabuthus transvaalicus is one of Continued on page 22