Gauteng Smallholder July 2015 | Page 31

BEEKEEPING From page 28 position to which is added a small bath of royal jelly. The tiny egg hatches on the third day into a small white grub. After a further three days this little grub is now known as bee larva and is fed a mixture of pollen and nectar. After eight days enough food store is packed into the cell with the larva and the cell is capped with a thin layer of wax. During the next 15 days the larva develops into a pupa and 23 days after the egg was laid a young worker bee chews her way around the capping of her cell and out she crawls, a young worker Relative sizes of the three inhabitants of a beehive bee. During the summer season the queen can lay two thousand eggs a day, more than her own body weight, which impresses upon one the nutrient power of the royal jelly that she is continually fed during the day and night. The entourage of young bees that feed the queen only secrete royal jelly for about three days after which they become house cleaner bees, then guard bees and then worker flyers, bringing in nectar and pollen. They are thus continually being replaced to feed the queen. In her third year, the queen begins to fail. She loses her pheromone odour, egg laying starts to diminish, she starts missing polished cells and the bees sense this situation and start to build new queen cells to replace the mother queen. The queen becomes fully aware of the desire to replace 30 www.sasmallholder.co.za her. The bees construct a batch of drone cells, about two hundred in total, slightly larger than worker cells, and she lays eggs that will produce drones because the new queen will require drones to mate with her. These drone cells are also an indication to the beekeeper that the queen intends to swarm off because new young rival queens will destroy her. She sends out scout bees to find a new abode, nurse bees stop feeding her so that she can lose weight to enable her )ΡΌ