Gauteng Smallholder July 2015 | Page 29

BEEKEEPING The queen is king of the castle W hat came first: the chicken or the egg? Much the same question could be asked of a beehive: where does the queen bee come from? Well, from an egg fertilized by a male bee, the drone. So who is more important, the drone or the queen? Well, if it were not for the queen, there would be no drone. It's as simple as that. The queen is the great mother of the hive. She goes about her day laying eggs, every day, all day. Maybe she rests at night, but her rest period really comes with the cold weather when flowers are few and little pollen and nectar are being brought into the hive. The brood nest recedes in the winter as the queen reduces her egg laying programme and this can be Another in our regular series on aspects of The queen has an entourage beekeeping, supplied by Peter Clark of the of young bees that form a Eastern Highveld Beekeepers! Association circle around her who looked upon as her rest period of at least 14 weeks. Migrating beekeepers that move their hives to follow the crops throughout the year do not rest their queens and such queens only survive for one year. Such a beekeeper must have in place a requeening programme to replace failing queens as part of his management skills. A queen, surrounded by her entourage, lays eggs. The pink dot has been added by the beekeeper to aid in identifying her. 28 www.sasmallholder.co.za continually preen her and feed her. Young bees secrete a good supply of royal jelly that is her main diet. Beekeepers are not sure how she is fed water and perhaps a little honey and pollen to vary her diet as well. There are house bees that go ahead of her cleaning and polishing cells for her to lay her eggs. Her entourage ushers her about the combs to these polished cells into which she lowers her abdomen and out pops an egg about two millimeters long, and standing on end should one look down into the cell. After three days the egg turns into a horizontal Continued on page 30