Gauteng Smallholder July 2015 | Page 15

CATTLE From page 12 with excellent foraging ability and are able to adapt to a wide variety of climatic conditions. Nguni cows are also smaller, cope with drought and excessive heat and are not prone to tick-borne diseases. If you are going to keep cows for milk, there are different breeds of dairy cattle that are farmed with in South Africa. All cattle breeds, and some goat breeds, have the ability to supply milk surplus to the needs of their young. If you are keeping just one or two cows for purely household purposes then it is not essential to keep dairy cows, since even beef cows can be milked. However, for commercial milk production, consistently high yields are essential if a dairy enterprise is to retain its viability. The most popular dairy breeds are the HolsteinFriesland, the Jersey, and the Ayrshire, but there are other Holstein-Friesland breeds such as the Guernsey, Milk Shorthorn, SA Dairy Swiss, Dexter, and the Simmentaler. The most popular is wellknown black and white Holstein-Friesland. This breed originated in the northern parts of what is today the Netherlands. Over the years a number of distinctive strains have evolved within the breed, and some authorities maintain that it is possible to discern a "South African Friesian". The HolsteinFriesland is a large-framed animal, the mature cow mass varying from 550 to 650 kg. is its milking ability. High yields of milk with a relatively low butterfat content may be expected. Ease of milking and a good temperament make this breed a favourite. Of the four better-known breeds of dairy cattle, the Jersey is the smallest, making it a better choice for a smallholder. Mature cows weigh between 380 and 450 Bulls often exceed 1 000 kg. kg. The outstanding characBut the outstanding character- teristic of the Jersey