FUSE Winter 2015-2016 | Page 6

The time is right to talk iSCIENCE wEiRD HIBERNATION! q a✸✸ Which animals hibernate in Britain? Surprisingly✸only✸three✸types✸of✸British✸ mammal✸hibernate;✸bats,✸dormice✸and✸ hedgehogs.✸However,✸many✸insects,✸ butterflies✸and✸bees✸hibernate,✸as✸do✸all✸ British✸reptiles✸and✸amphibians. Challenge Why✸these?✸Is✸there✸a✸clue✸in✸ their✸size,✸diet✸or✸habitat?✸ q a✸✸ Isn’t hibernation the same as sleeping for ages? No.✸Badgers✸and✸squirrels✸can✸deep-sleep✸ through✸cold✸spells,✸but✸truly✸hibernating✸ animals✸are✸aff✸ected✸by✸changes✸in✸ hormones✸and✸daylight.✸They✸oft✸en✸fattenup✸first✸before✸dramatically✸slowing✸down,✸ maybe✸only✸breathing✸once✸a✸minute!✸An✸ active✸hedgehog’s✸heart✸pumps✸at✸180✸to✸280✸ beats✸per✸minute✸(bpm)✸-✸but✸in✸hibernation✸ this✸drops✸to✸around✸5✸to✸20✸bpm!✸ Challenge What✸is✸the✸diff✸erence✸ between✸torpor✸and✸hibernation? q a✸✸ a✸✸ What happens when my computer says ‘hibernate’ or ‘SLEEP’? Like✸in✸animals,✸both✸of✸these✸states✸ save✸lots✸of✸energy✸and✸can✸be✸woken✸ from✸quickly✸but✸not✸immediately!✸‘Sleep’✸ switches✸off✸✸everything✸apart✸from✸working✸ memory✸(RAM).✸‘Hibernate’✸saves✸the✸ contents✸of✸RAM✸to✸hard✸disk,✸then✸actually✸ shuts✸down✸and✸uses✸no✸mo ɗ