Fields Notes 17:2 | Page 28

Insights Into Human Survival B arbara Keyfitz, was just seven years old the day her father, Nathan Keyfitz, now a renowned demographer, got his PhD. Yet even at that age, Keyfitz was quite sure his daughter was a mathematical genius. “She knew from the start that mathematics was the most difficult subject in the curriculum and so it was the one she wanted. She never deviated from that path,” Keyfitz said of Barbara in his memoirs. In 1970, Barbara obtained her own PhD in mathematics from New York University and in 2004, she became the first female Director of the Fields Institute. “When his little girl became the Director of an international mathematics institute, [my father] couldn’t conceal his pleasure and pride,” says Barbara. So Nathan Keyfitz and his wife Beatrice decided to start an endowment to fund a public lecture series on the intersection between mathematics and the social sciences, a natural reflection of both of the worlds their family lived in. The Fields Institute didn’t really have any public lectures at the time, and the idea of bringing mathematics to non-mathematicians and broadening the scope of the mathematical sciences was appealing. Ten years later, the Keyfitz lecture continues to bring together mathematics and the social sciences, with prestigious speakers from all over the world. This year, Dr. Noreen Goldman from Princeton University spoke about her “Insights Into Human Survival”. The lecture was attended by a sell-out crowd of 130 people that included mathematicians, students, professionals, and interested citizens. Goldman, who was Nathan Keyfitz’s graduate student at Harvard, spoke about interesting “Keyfitz-inspired” problems in demographics that she had encountered and worked on over the years. From demographic dating of a remote atoll in the South Pacific (though it is actually 3° north of the equator, as was pointed out by Goldman’s future husband), to the abnormally low life expectancy for unmarried men in 1940s Japan (18 years lower than married men), to whether a photograph of your face is a good predictor of life expectancy (it is). “She put a lot of herself into the presentation,” said Barbara. “She presented studies and problems in the order that she had worked on them, which was quite clever.” Goldman’s stories highlight how statistical tools and simple mathematical models can be used to understand complex populations and address important societal problems. They also generated many questions and led to several lively discussions between mathematicians and non- mathematicians at the reception following — undoubtedly one of Nathan Keyfitz’s goals in establishing the series.  — Malgosia Ip Ian Hambleton, Noreen Goldman, Barbara Keyfitz 28