FEAS Yearbook FEAS Yearbook 2010 | Page 48

ANNUAL REPORT JUNE 2010 FEDERATION OF EURO-ASIAN STOCK EXCHANGES ABU DHABI SECURITIES EXCHANGE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS Political Outlook The outlook for the domestic political scene is stable, and the president, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed al-Nahyan, will maintain the UAE's relatively liberal social and economic policies, as well as its pro-Western foreign policy stance. The UAE's foreign policy will continue to be based on its close strategic relations with the West. These ties have been strengthened by a series of bilateral agreements with the US, the UK and France (which has recently opened a military base in the UAE). The UAE has also signed a major arms deal with the US. However, it will have to balance these relationships against its interest in maintaining good relations with Iran. The risk of a US military conflict with Iran remains of particular concern given the UAE's role as the region's services hub. The UAE's geographical proximity to Iran, where it has extensive commercial interests, makes it vulnerable to any conflict there. Dubai in particular will be anxious to maintain good relations with the Islamic Republic. The UAE's withdrawal from the planned Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) monetary union may strain relations with Saudi Arabia. Indeed, in a forewarning of worsening relations, Saudi Arabia has revived its objection to the UAE's demarcation of its common border in some official documents. Economic performance It is estimated that the federal public finances will have registered a small deficit in 2009 on the back of lower international oil prices and oil production cuts. The budget balance will move into surplus again in 2010-11. Real GDP is expected to have shrunk by 3.5% in 2009–owing to OPEC oil production cuts and a sharp slowdown in construction activity. Growth will resume in 2010-11, averaging 4.1%, as domestic demand picks up. In 2010 oil prices (dated Brent Blend) will rise to US$75/barrel, from US$62/b in 2009, as key economies, such as the US and China, return to growth. Weakening demand in 2011 in the US will lead oil prices to fall to US$70/b. Inflation will have fallen in 2009, to an average of just 1.5%, on the back of a steep contraction in demand. It will rise again to 4.8% in 2010 and 7.5% in 2011 owing to the economic recovery and a rise in imported inflation. The current-account surplus will widen in 2010-11, after narrowing sharply in 2009. Rising oil output and higher non-oil export earnings will boost the trade surplus, despite an increase in imports as domestic demand picks up. Because of the global financial crisis, economic policy in the first part of the forecast period will concentrate on restoring confidence in the UAE economy–particularly the financial and real estate sectors–with a focus on Dubai, which has suffered a blow to its reputation following its recent request that creditors of Dubai World, a quasi-state company, accept a "standstill" on debt-service payments. Policy will also focus on pressing ahead with economic diversification in Abu Dhabi, including stepping up infrastructure spending (to the tune of some US$ 1trn according to the government there) to tackle the strain caused by the rapid economic expansion of recent years. The authorities may also introduce new laws to attempt to stimulate both domestic and foreign investment in the private sector. However, such laws have been at the draft stage for some time and are facing domestic opposition. Data from the Central Bank of the UAE put real GDP growth at 7.4% in 2008, with nominal GDP growth of 23.2%, below our previous estimate of 27.4%. The numbers from the Central Bank indicate that a slowdown was already under way in the latter part of 2008, and consequently, there was less momentum going into 2009. During 2009 the global recession has been hitting the UAE hard, leading to a sharp reduction in construction activity, especially in Dubai. This comes in addition to OPEC-mandated cuts in oil production, which have been affecting Abu Dhabi's output for most of the year, weak growth in investment and almost no expansion in services. However, economic activity appears to be picking up strongly in the fourth quarter. Moreover, it is expected that the UAE to increase its oil production slightly towards the end of the year. Inflation has fallen substantially since the beginning of 2009, with the inflation rate in the first half of 2009 averaging 3.4%. Inflation is expected to have averaged just 1.5% in 2009, as economic activity has been weak and housing supply has increased. The UAE dirham's peg to the dollar (at Dh3.673:US$1) is expected to remain in place in 2010-11. The recovery of the dollar since mid- 2008 has made it even less likely that the peg–which the UAE has maintained since independence in 1971–will be broken or the currency revalued. The Central Bank remains committed to the existing system. Export earnings were around US$239bn in 2008. Lower oil prices, cuts in crude production and a steep decline in demand in the UAE's export markets will have caused export earnings to drop by around 27% in 2009. Import spending will also have declined in 2009, although by less than exports, leaving an estimated trade surplus of US$30bn.* * The Economic Intelligence Unit, November 2009 Key Information Contacts Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce and Industry www.abudhabichamber.ae Central Bank of UAE www.centralbank.ae Abu Dhabi Department of Planning and Economy www.adeconomy.ae REAL GDP (AED millions) CONSUMER PRICES (% CHANGE PA; AV) (%) 600 16 14 500 12 400 10 300 8 6 200 4 100 2 0 0 2005 PAGE 44 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010