FEAS Yearbook FEAS Yearbook 2010 | Page 118

ANNUAL REPORT JUNE 2010 FEDERATION OF EURO-ASIAN STOCK EXCHANGES MACEDONIAN STOCK EXCHANGE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS Economic and Political Environment The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organisation-Democratic Party of Macedonian National Unity (VMRO-DPMNE) of the prime minister, Nikola Gruevski, is in a strong position following its sweeping victories in the presidential and local authority elections, held in March and April. With its latest triumphs, the party has built on its success in the parliamentary election of June 2008, when it was returned to power with an increased majority. The incumbent president, Gjorge Ivanov, shares Mr Gruevski's conservative, nationalist outlook. It is therefore expected that he will work closely with the prime minister–unlike his predecessor, Branko Crvenkovski, who had frequent disagreements with the head of government. Relations with Greece are likely to remain in a state of flux following the change of government in Greece, after the opposition Panhellenic Socialist Movement (Pasok) defeated the ruling conservative party, New Democracy, in the election on October 4th. The two countries are in dispute over Macedonia's constitutional name, with Greece arguing that it implies a territorial claim to its own northern province, which bears the same name. Macedonia has been seeking legal redress from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in The Hague for Greece's decision in 2008 to block its northern neighbour's NATO accession. Greece has until January 20th 2010 to respond to Macedonia's detailed case before the ICJ. The name dispute could also hinder Macedonia's EU integration, despite the European Commission's recommendation, made in October, that the EU should open accession talks with Macedonia, which has been a candidate country since 2005. Macedonia is hoping to get a date from the EU in the next few months for starting its membership negotiations, but Greece may decide to block the opening of the talks, unless a deal is agreed before then over Macedonia's name. The prospects for a settlement of the dispute may improve with a new government in office in Greece. However, past Pasok governments showed no greater willingness to compromise on this issue than the outgoing conservative administration, and Macedonia may yet have to consider changing its constitutional name in order to remove the last remaining obstacle in the way of starting EU accession talks. The government has repeatedly said that it does not wish to conclude a successor programme to the three-year stand-by arrangement with the IMF that came to an end in August 2008. The government's reluctance to turn to the Fund is based on its determination to push ahead with tax breaks and capital investment projects to counter the economic downturn. In contrast, the IMF has been urging greater fiscal discipline, in view of Macedonia's external imbalances–although the Fund's latest report, issued in October, has sounded a more positive note, calling for a reduction in the budget deficit only in the medium term. However, the government may yet come under pressure to conclude a new arrangement with the IMF, if the expected improvement in the external balances does not materialise. Economic Performance Recent data indicate that a recovery may now be under way in Germany and France. However, estimated that the contraction in real GDP in the euro zone will still amount to 4.1% in 2009. This, and a recession of a similar magnitude in Serbia and other important export markets in south- eastern Europe, is having a severe impact on the Macedonian economy. Forecasted that, after a contraction of an estimated 2.2% in real GDP in 2009, the Macedonian economy will return to growth in 2010. However, the rebound to be modest to start with, as growth in private consumption will be limited by the lingering impact of the 2009 recession, including increased unemployment, and government consumption will be restricted by the need to rein in the budget deficit. Access to credit is also likely to remain difficult, as local subsidiaries of foreign-owned banks continue to be affected by the aftermath of the global financial crisis. A weak recovery in Macedonia's euro area and Balkan export markets is expected to hold back more robust growth until later in the forecast period. We forecast that real GDP will increase by 1% in 2010, before accelerating to 3% growth in 2011. Inflation has fallen sharply since it peaked in mid- 2008, and has turned into deflation since June. The rapid deceleration has followed a drop in global oil prices, food price disinflation and, more recently, a decline in domestic demand. The NBRM appears determined to maintain the current exchange-rate regime–under which the denar is informally pegged to the euro–as part of its monetary policy strategy in 2010-11. As an indication of its adherence to the de facto exchange rate, the bank raised its key repo rate from 7% to 9% in March 2009 in order to stabilise the denar. Macedonia has stemmed the recent sharp decline in foreign reserves with more borrowing since mid-2009. However, it may yet need IMF assistance to protect the denar. Estimated that the current-account deficit will contract to the equivalent of 9.7% of GDP in 2009, from a record 13% of GDP in 2008, following weakening domestic demand and low international oil prices. Although international energy and commodity prices will strengthen to some degree in the forecast period, we forecast that the recovery in the euro zone will help to boost Macedonia's exports, and that it will also contribute to a rise in workers' remittances. Import demand is expected to remain sluggish, as private consumption recovers slowly during the forecast period. We forecast that the annual current-account deficits will narrow in 2010-11, averaging the equivalent of 7.7% of GDP. * * The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited, November 2009 Key Information Contacts Central Securities Depository www.cdhv.org.mk Securities & Exchange Commission www.sec.gov.mk National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia www.nbrm.gov.mk Ministry of Finance www.fin.gov.mk REAL GDP (MKD millions) CONSUMER PRICES (% CHANGE PA; AV) (%) 250 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 200 150 100 50 0 2005 PAGE 114 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010