FEAS Yearbook FEAS Yearbook 2006 | Page 106

FEDERATION OF EURO-ASIAN STOCK EXCHANGES SEMI ANNUAL REPORT OCTOBER 2006 MOLDOVAN STOCK EXCHANGE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS Economic and Political Environment Moldovan politics will be more tense than in 2005, owing to the erosion, since late last year, of the "national consensus" that had nominally united the ruling PCRM with three of the parliamentary opposition parties. The level of discord on the political scene will nevertheless be considerably lower than during the PCRM's first term in office in 2001- 04, as opposition groups generally continue to share the PCRM's central goal of achieving closer integration with the EU. Moreover, although the Democratic Party (DP) and the Social Liberal Party (SLP) no longer consider themselves to be in "constructive opposition", the CDPP does. As the CDPP had previously been the most anti-communist and openly confrontational of Moldova's political parties, its partnership with the PCRM was always the most significant aspect of the national consensus. The ruling PCRM is expected to maintain its pro-EU stance, and fulfilment of the EU- Moldova Action Plan will remain a central policy goal for the Moldovan government. This will ensure greater EU engagement in the country. However, implementation of the Action Plan will be constrained by Moldova's limited administrative capacity, and by the government's continued reluctance to make a serious effort to tackle some of the reforms required by the EU, including in the fight against corruption, modernization of the judiciary and opening up the broadcast media. As expected, the IMF approved a three-year, US$118m poverty reduction and growth facility (PRGF) in May. Combined with the existing economic growth and poverty reduction strategy paper (EGPRSP), and the EU-Moldova Action Plan, the IMF program will help to provide a solid policy framework for the country. The fiscal-monetary mix is therefore expected to remain generally sound in 2006-07, and some progress on structural reform is expected. The IMF program will focus on reform of the public administration and of public enterprise management, as well as on the introduction of a comprehensive strategy to improve the tax administration. Other areas in which some progress is expected include competition policy and judicial reform, which should help to improve the business environment. However, reform progress is unlikely to be swift or consistent. The PCRM is hesitant about pushing through changes–such as the strengthening of the judiciary–that would weaken its political control or the economic interests of its backers. Moreover, although the deputy prime minister, Zinaida Greceanii, has assembled a strong team to co-ordinate reform efforts, weak administrative capacity and the presence of vested interests will slow progress on important issues, including energy sector reform, privatization and deregulation. A recent move to restrict foreign ownership of agricultural land has underlined these concerns. direction, with a steep fall in wine production pushing industrial output down by 7% year on year. Year-on-year consumer price inflation has accelerated to almost 12% owing to relatively strong price increases in May. The rising cost of gas and electricity imports, and the increased availability of financing from donors, are expected to bring further increases in year-on-year inflation over the remainder of 2006. This is likely to result in annual average consumer price inflation of around 13.5%. Relatively sound fiscal and monetary policies should nevertheless help to prevent inflation from accelerating further. In 2007 continued growth in remittances and, possibly, further increases in gas import prices, combined with fiscal loosening, will limit the extent of disinflation possible and ensure that prices continue to rise at a double-digit annual rate. A risk to the inflation forecast is that gas prices could go up by more than currently expected; the government appears committed to passing on to end- users the cost of higher gas prices rather than subsidising them. Economic Performance Real GDP rose by 6.2% year on year in the first quarter of 2006. This was largely owing to a 13% increase in household consumption, which compensated for the increasingly large drag on growth coming from net exports. The economy's expansion is nevertheless expected to decelerate to 4% for the year as a whole, owing to the combined effect of rising gas import prices and Russian trade restrictions on important Moldovan economic sectors (in particular, wine). Wine is a crucial part of Moldova's economy, and many other sectors are indirectly dependent on the wine industry. The Russian restrictions are therefore expected to drag down real GDP growth rates for as long as they remain in place. Data for January-May 2006 already point in this Moldova's currency, the leu, has weakened against the US dollar in recent months, and further nominal weakening is expected over the remainder of 2006-07. This will reflect the large current account deficit, which is the result of rising energy import prices and Russia's recent ban on Moldovan wine. An increase in external financing inflows should nevertheless help to contain the risk of the currency's depreciating even further. Owing to relatively high rates of inflation, the real effective exchange rate is expected to strengthen (although the euro's appreciation against the US dollar, and hence the leu, should help to contain this trend).* * Economic Intelligence Unit Ltd., July 2006 Key Information Contacts MSE President Dr. Corneliu Dodu [email protected] Listing, Marketing and Quotation Department [email protected], [email protected] National Securities Commission of Moldova www.cnvm.md Department of Privatization www.privatization.md 2004-ORIGINS OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (%) Services Industry 2005-COMPONENTS OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (%) Agriculture & fishing Construction Private consumption Increase in stocks 20.8 100 55.3 Public consumption Net exports 91.6 80 18.7 60 40 4.7 20 16.9 24.4 5.4 0 -20 -40 PAGE 104 -38.2 Gross fixed investment