Equine Health Update EHU Vol 21 Issue 01 | Page 23

Equine Disease Quarterly | EQUINE next disease threat is the need for greater awareness and better education of practicing veterinarians who are frequently the “first responders” in dealing with a case/outbreak of a novel disease or a possible invasive ecto-parasite. Increased public education and engagement is also important in addressing any disease threat that may evolve. Germany, Ireland, Switzerland, the UK and the USA recorded strangles. The number of outbreaks included six in Germany, outbreaks in all four provinces in Ireland and eight in Switzerland. The UK and the USA stated that the disease was endemic in their respective countries. More than 85 outbreaks involving 178 cases were recorded in 24 states in the USA. CONTACT: Peter J.Timoney, MVB, MS, PhD, FRCVS [email protected] (859) 218-1094 Charles Issel, DVM, PhD [email protected] Maxwell H.Gluck Equine Research Center University of Kentucky Lexington, KY Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection was reported by Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Japan, RSA, Switzerland, the UK, and the USA. Infection associated with fever was diagnosed in three states in the USA. Respiratory disease was confirmed in Belgium (10 outbreaks), France (seven outbreaks), Germany (one case), Switzerland (one outbreak), the UK (one outbreak) and the USA (widespread in various states). EHV- 1 abortion was recorded in Denmark (one case), France (eight cases), Germany (12 cases), Japan (nine cases involving seven premises), RSA (two cases), the UK (five cases of which three were on one premises), and the USA (two cases). Second Quarter, 2018 The International Collating Centre, Newmarket, United Kingdom, and other sources reported the following equine disease outbreaks. The Republic of South Africa (RSA) reported outbreaks of African horse sickness in most provinces in the country with the exception of the Western Cape. One outbreak was recorded in Swaziland. Argentina, the UK, Uruguay, and the USA reported outbreaks of equine influenza. At least 42 cases were confirmed on 10 premises located in five provinces in Argentina. Three-year-old horses were principally affected. The strain involved belonged to clade 1, Florida sublineage of H3N8 virus. The UK and Uruguay recorded single outbreaks of the disease. Equine influenza was reported as endemic in the USA, occurring in four states, with multiple outbreaks in one state. EHV-1 related disease in neonatal foals was diagnosed in France (one case) and the UK (two cases). EHV-1 associated neurologic disease was reported from Denmark (two cases), France (four cases), Germany (one case), Ireland (two cases), and the USA (10 outbreaks in eight states; all but one involved single cases of the disease). Equine herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) respiratory disease was recorded in Argentina (four outbreaks), Belgium (one outbreak), France (59 outbreaks), Germany, RSA and Switzerland (each confirmed single cases of the disease), and the UK (four outbreaks). France and Germany reported single cases of EHV-4 abortion. The USA recorded multiple cases of equine herpesvirus 2 and/or 5 infection in several states, some associated • Volume 21 Issue 1 | March 2019 • 23