EQUINE | CPD Article
trimethoprim – sulfonamide, with antibiotic selection
being based on the antibiotic sensitivity profile, na-
ture of the infection and the ability of the antibiotic to
achieve therapeutic concentrations at the site of infec-
tion.
Neonatal septicemia (sleepy foal disease) is best pre-
vented through employing a combination of strict en-
vironmental hygiene, practicing of foaling camp rota-
tion, ensuring intake of colostrum as soon after birth
as possible, umbilical disinfection and immediate
removal of the expelled placenta and soiled bedding
post foaling. Remember, the mare’s reproductive tract
and fetal membranes are the primary source of bac-
teria for the foal, and therefore another practical pre-
vention measure where infection is suspected, is by
the installation of bovine antibiotic mastitis remedies
(containing tetracycline or penicillin), into the mare’s
birth canal shortly prior to foaling.
References
1. Jubb & Kennedy. 2016. Pathology of Domestic
Animals 6th edn.
2. Layman Q D et al. 2014. A retrospective study of
equine actinobacillus cases: 1999-2011. Journal
of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 26:365-
375.
3. Merck Veterinary Manual. 2016. Overview of
Actinobacillosis. MSD, 11th Edition.
CPD
ACTINOBACILLUS EQUULI INFECTIONS IN EQUINES
AC/1787/17
1. Which of the following Actinobacillus species bac-
teria are the most commonly reported in equines?
A. Actinobacillus arthritidis.
B. Actinobacillus ligneresii.
C. Actinobacillus suis.
D. Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia.
E. Actinobacillus equuli.
2. How many sub species of Actinobacillus equilli are
currently known to occur?
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
E. 5.
22
3. Which of the following is considered most likely as
being associated with the lesion induction of throm-
bosis with bacterial emboli in cases of neonatal sep-
ticemia?
A. RTX toxin.
B. Aqx toxin.
C. Leukotoxin.
D. Endotoxin.
E. Exotoxin.
4. Which of the following routes of infection for neo-
natal septicemia in foals has not been documented?
A. Percutaneous.
B. In utero aspiration.
C. Umbilical infection.
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