ELE Times PDF 1 Nov 2016 | Page 48

Technology MEMRISTOR From electrons to ions, could revolutionize electronics Memristor is predicted to change the complete future of PC hardware. It is a pioneering electronic module that consists of memory resistor, two terminal electrical components related to the magnetic flux linkage as well as electric charge. According to HP Labs Fellow R. Stanley Williams, “The memristor holds its memory longer. It’s simpler. It’s easier to make — which means it’s cheaper — and it can be switched a lot faster, with less energy.” For a long time, electrical engineers were using the three basic components to design circuits – inductors, capacitors, and resistors. In 1971, a physicist, Prof. Leon Chua, Department of the University of California Berkeley, conceptualized the existence of a fourth primary element in the electronic circuit, besides the three that were already in use at the time. Chua argued in his paper that, the memristor has properties that cannot be duplicated by any amalgamation of the other three elements. The introduction of the fourth component made the circuits exponentially more complex. Prof. Chua believed that in future, an extra component could be constructed to join the resistor, the capacitor and the inductor. He named it "memristor", deriving from the words memory and resistor, as it carries properties of both memory element having memory history and resistor. The memristor can replace flash memory and D-RAM. However the implementation took almost four decades to conceptualize, as the first memristor was built by Hewlett Packard in 2008. Today, this innovation is believed by many researchers to be revolutionary in the field of computing. This is believe to open up new innovations, engineers could, for example, develop a new kind of computer memory that would complement and eventually replace the generally used dynamic ELE Times | 48 | November, 2016 random access memory (D-RAM). Computers using conventional D-RAM lack the ability to retain information once they loss power. When power is restored to a D-RAM-based computer, a slow, energyconsuming "boot-up" process is necessary to recover data stored on a magnetic disk required to run the system. Memristor-based computers wouldn't require that process, using less power and possibly increasing system resiliency and reliability. Prof. Chua believes the memristor could have applications for computing, cell phones, video games anything that requires a lot of memory without a lot of battery-power drain. This could be used to considerably improve facial recognition technology or to provide more complex biometric recognition systems that could more effectively restrict access to personal information.