e-mosty 4 2016 Arch Bridges | Page 45

1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION The bridge has a total length of 1488m, with a span distribution of 45 + 9x60 + 57 + 324 + 57 + 7x60 + 45m. After a comprehensive typological analysis, in which cable-stayed and three-dimensional truss alternatives were evaluated, the arch solution was selected as the best structural approach. The harmonic balance of span distribution, deck and arch geometries and pier shapes provide an optimum structural performance, and configures an aesthetically remarkable design. 1.1. Deck The deck is a prestressed concrete box girder with a maximum height of 4.00 m. The upper slab is cantilevered on both sides so that the total usable surface is 14.00 m with variable thickness. The lower slab is 5.00 m wide and has a thickness of 0.30 m. The web thickness is 0.50 m, although it thickens where it meets the upper and lower slabs. Concrete: with 50 MPa strength is used in the approach spans and 70 MPa concrete in the spans over the arch. Very often the actual strength of the poured concrete reached 100 MPa. Five prestressing tendons, using between 25 and 37 Ø15.2 strand units are used in each web. The spans over the arch are complemented with upper and lower straight tendons. Due to the length of the viaduct, a detailed study on where to place the fixed point was undertaken. This study showed that the arch would be able to withstand the increase of stresses with the fixed point placed at its center. This resulted in the typical configuration of expansion joints in the abutments. The team cast one span per week (launching, steel reinforcement works, formwork, pouring, curing and prestressing). 1.2. Arch The form of the arch has been designed such that the bending due to the dead loads was reduced to a minimum. The arch axis is completely embedded in a vertical plane. The cross section consists of a variable rectangular box section with chamfered corners. The width varies between 12.00 m at the abutment and 6.00 m at the crown. The height varies between 4.00 m and 3.50 m with the web and slabs thickness also varying to achieve an almost homogeneous distribution of compressive stresses. Due to the magnitude of the stresses, the 70 MPa concrete was used. Because of the location of the arch in the valley scoured by the river Tagus (Tagus means “cut” in latin), it was necessary to carry out a study of the effect of the wind on the structure during the construction process. Hence, a reduced scale model was developed and tested in a wind tunnel, confirming that the structure was not sensitive to wind induced instability phenomena. 1.3. Piers The variable terrain elevation causes the piers to have a very variable height (between 9.60 m and 71.50 m). A basic hollow box section form is used in all of them, 3.50 m wide but with variable transverse dimension. Fig. 1: General definition 4/2016