Drink and Drugs News 0917 DDN1709 | Page 4

News RECORD DRUG DEATHS NORTH AND SOUTH OF THE BORDER THE HIGHEST EVER LEVELS OF DRUG-RELATED DEATHS have once again been recorded in both Scotland and England. Last year saw 3,744 drug poisoning deaths in England and Wales, according to the latest ONS figures – 2 per cent higher than the previous year (DDN, October 2016, page 4) and the highest number since comparable statistics began almost a quarter of a century ago. While the figure relates to both legal and illegal drugs, almost 70 per cent were classed as drug misuse deaths, and death rates were highest in the 40-49 age range. Scotland recorded 867 drug-related deaths in 2016, 23 per cent higher than the previous year and more than double the number from a decade ago. Scotland’s drug death rate is now higher than anywhere in the EU, and roughly two and a half times higher than the UK as a whole. More than two thirds of the Scottish deaths were among males, and nearly a third were in the Greater Glasgow and Clyde NHS board area. Nearly 40 per cent of the deaths were of people aged between 35 and 44, and a quarter were among those aged 45 to 54, with the median age at death 41. Opioids were implicated in, or ‘potentially contributed to’, almost 90 per cent of Scotland’s fatalities, and benzodiazepines almost half. Figures from National Records of Scotland also show that alcohol-related deaths north of the border have increased by 10 per cent since 2015 to 1,265, the highest number since the start of the decade. In England and Wales, however, while more than half of recorded drug poisoning deaths involved an opiate, heroin and/or morphine deaths have remained ‘stable’, says ONS – at 1,209 compared with 1,201 in 2015. The number of heroin and/or morphine deaths in males also fell for the first time since 2012 – to 935 from the previous year’s 957 – although female heroin/morphine deaths increased from 244 to 274, their highest recorded level. Deaths related to cocaine were also at their highest ever level, at 371 – up by almost 170 per cent since 2012 – while deaths relating to the prescription drug pregabalin have increased from just four in 2012 to more than 100. The National Crime Agency (NCA) also announced that the number of UK deaths related to the powerful opioid fentanyl or its analogues HEAVY ISSUES HEAVY DRINKING will cost the NHS £17bn over the next five years – including 63,000 deaths and 4.2m hospital admissions – unless current trends are reversed, according to a report from the Foundation for Liver Research. Admissions have increased by around 17 per cent since 2010-11, while alcohol-related liver disease accounts for 60 per cent of all liver disease and 84 per cent of liver-related deaths. The document calls for off-licence trading hours to be restricted to 10am-10pm, along with tougher regulation of marketing and advertising. Financial case for action on liver disease at www.liver-research.org.uk 4 | drinkanddrugsnews | September 2017 has reached almost 60 in the last eight months alone. Once again, the North East saw the highest mortality rate from drug misuse, at 77.4 deaths per 1m population, a 13 per cent increase on 2015’s figure. Release’s executive director Niamh Eastwood called the statistics a ‘national crisis’ and accused the government of ‘abrogating’ its responsibility by cutting investment in treatment services niamH eastwooD and pursuing ‘failed’ policies, while Transform called the figures a ‘direct result of the Home Office’s scandalous approach’ to drugs. Announcement of the figures followed publication of the delayed 2017 drug strategy earlier in the summer, and while the document promised a ‘national recovery champion’ and a cross-government drug strategy board to be chaired by the home secretary, its focus on a law enforcement approach disappointed some commentators. The strategy also included changes to the way the ‘long- term success of treatment’ is determined, with a requirement on services to ‘carry out additional checks to track the progress of those in recovery at 12 months, as well as after six, to ensure they remain drug-free’. Deaths related to drug poisoning in England and Wales: 2016 registrations at www.ons.gov.uk Drug-related deaths in Scotland in 2016 at nrscotland.gov.uk Alcohol-related deaths at www.nrscotland.gov.uk 2017 drug strategy at www.gov.uk Government pursuing ‘failed’ policies GET TESTED PHE IS RENEWING CALLS for people to get tested for hepatitis C as a ‘substantial proportion’ of the estimated 200,000 people living with the virus are likely to be unaware that they have it. Around a third of those with a long-term infection are believed to be over 50 and may have become infected ‘years, or even decades, earlier’, stresses the agency. While death rates are falling, figures for estimated rates of infection among people who use drugs remain largely unchanged since the beginning of the decade. ‘We ORANGE UPDATE THE GOVERNMENT has published the updated version of its Drug misuse and dependence: UK guidelines on clinical management, usually called the Orange Book. The 2017 version has a ‘stronger emphasis on recovery and a holistic approach to the interventions that can support recovery’, and includes new guidelines on NPS, club drugs, mental health, prison-based treatment and naloxone. Guidelines at www.gov.uk NALOXONE NUMBERS TAKE-HOME NALOXONE has now been made available by 90 per cent of English local authorities, according to an LGA