DDN April 2019 DDN April 2019 | Page 5

Read the full stories, and more, online www.drinkanddrugsnews.com LACK OF HARM REDUCTION SERVICES IMPEDING HIV PROGRESS, WARNS UNAIDS AROUND 99 PER CENT OF PEOPLE WHO INJECT DRUGS LIVE IN COUNTRIES THAT ARE FAILING TO PROVIDE ADEQUATE HARM REDUCTION SERVICES, says a report from UNAIDS. Despite overall new HIV infections declining globally, infection rates among people who use drugs remain unchanged, says Health, rights and drugs: harm reduction, decriminalisation and zero discrimination for people who use drugs. Although ensuring comprehensive harm reduction service coverage such as NSP programmes, substitute prescribing and HIV testing would ‘kick start progress’ on stopping new infections, few UN member states were living up to the 2016 agreement that came out of the UN General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS) on the World Drug Problem to establish an effective public health response (DDN, May 2016, page 4). Investment in harm reduction measures is falling ‘far short’ of what is needed for an effective HIV response, says the document – in a third of low and middle-income countries, more than 70 per cent of spending on HIV services for people who use drugs came from external donors. More than half of the 10.6m people who inject drugs were living with hepatitis C, and one in eight were living with HIV, says the report. UNAIDS is calling for the full implementation of comprehensive harm reduction services, as well as ensuring that people who use drugs have access to prevention, testing and HIV and hepatitis medication. Criminalisation and ‘severe punishments’ remain commonplace despite the evidence showing that decriminalisation of personal use and possession can increase the uptake of health and treatment services, says UNAIDS. Around one in five prisoners worldwide is incarcerated for drug-related offences, of which around 80 per cent are for personal use only. ‘UNAIDS is greatly concerned about the lack of progress for people who inject drugs,’ said executive director Michel CRISIS TALKS ‘We must act if it can be shown to reduce harm and save lives.’ Joe FitzPatRick THE SCOTTISH GOVERNMENT IS CONVENING AN EXPERT GROUP to look at ways to address the country’s rising rates of drug- related deaths. ‘The status quo is simply not an option,’ wrote public health minister Joe FitzPatrick in an article for the Daily Record, adding that ‘even if a proposed course of action is controversial, we must act if it can be shown to reduce harm and save lives’. While the Scottish Government supports the introduction of www.drinkanddrugsnews.com ‘Put people first and seek to safeguard their health, wellbeing and future.’ Sidibé. ‘By putting people at the centre and ensuring that they have access to health and social services with dignity and without discrimination or criminalisation, lives can be saved and new HIV infections drastically reduced.’ Meanwhile, a ministerial declaration emphasising a ‘health and rights-based’ approach to global drug yuRy Fedotov challenges was adopted at the 62nd session of the UN Commission on Narcotic Drugs in Vienna last month. Responses that ‘put people first and seek to safeguard their health, wellbeing and future’ were vital, said UNODC executive director Yury Fedotov. A separate report, What we have learned over the last ten years, from the UN’s Chief Executives Board, described punitive policies as ‘ineffective’ in reducing drug use and trafficking. Reports at www.unaids.org and www.unodc.org consumption rooms and heroin-assisted treatment, legislative power remains in Westminster. ‘If the UK government continues to refuse to act, we call on them to pass powers to the Scottish Parliament so we can do what is necessary,’ he wrote. SURVIVORS’ STORIES DRUG AND ALCOHOL SERVICES need to ‘make the link’ between childhood sexual abuse as an underlying trauma for many people with substance misuse issues, says a report from the One in Four charity. The trauma of childhood abuse remains a ‘poorly understand area’, it states, affecting people’s emotions and ability to relate to others. Services should be anonymously recording and collating disclosures of abuse as well as considering how they are ‘supporting and signposting survivors to appropriate support’, it says. They also need to make sure that all staff are trained to respond to disclosure and have an agreed process to support survivors. Numbing the pain: survivors’ voices of childhood sexual abuse and addiction at www.oneinfour.org.uk See feature, page 10 POTENT CONCLUSIONS DAILY CANNABIS USE WAS ASSOCIATED WITH ‘INCREASED ODDS’ OF PSYCHOTIC DISORDER, according to a study across 11 cities published in The Lancet Psychiatry. Although ‘disentangling causality where complex and confounded behaviours might be impacting on even more complex mental health outcomes is notoriously challenging’, the study concluded that differences in frequency of daily cannabis use and use of high-potency cannabis contributed to a ‘striking variation in the incidence of psychotic disorder’, something that – given the increasing availability of high-potency cannabis – had ‘important implications for public health’. Cannabis and psychosis: triangulating the evidence at www.thelancet.com WASTED CITIES COCAINE RESIDUES IN CITY WASTEWATER were highest in Belgium, the Netherlands, Spain and the UK – particularly Bristol – according to EMCDDA’s latest analysis. The project studied wastewater in 73 cities across Europe, and found increased traces of cocaine, amphetamine and MDMA in most cities. Methamphetamine, meanwhile, which had traditionally been concentrated in parts of Eastern Europe, was now present in Spain, Finland, Norway, Germany and Cyprus. Wastewater analysis and drugs: a European multi-city study at www.emcdda.europa.eu April 2019 | drinkanddrugsnews | 5