Current Pedorthics | May-June 2018 | Vol.50, Issue 3 | Page 43

The Negative Heel Concept, originally conceived by Anne Kalsø, a Danish-born health enthu- siast, can be considered a form of rocker sole. By lowering the heel strike area of the shoe, the idea is to simulate walking on soft ground, where the heel sinks in the earth or sand on contact. With the foot at a slightly more dorsi- flexed heel strike angle, the Achilles tendon is stretched more than in a shoe with an elevated heel. Many of the postural and health claims made by the ‘rocker shoe’ devotees such as, “Straighter Posture, Better Breathing, Tighter thighs, Stronger Core muscles, and Leg and Calf Toning” are also made by the companies ‘Earth’ and ‘Springboost,’ two companies that still promote the negative heel concept without a deliberate sole rocker. (Fig. 1) The now well established modern rocker sole trend started in 1996. Like Anne Kalsø’s ( Fig.2 ) negative heel concept (that became known as ‘Earth shoes’ in the 1970’s), Swiss engineer Karl Műller discovered that walking barefoot in the paddy fields of Korea changed his posture Ad promoting the benefits of the "Negative Heel" and relieved his back pain. Műller equated this postural change to the semi-nomadic Masai peoples of East Africa, well known for their ex- cellent posture. Joint and back pain is mostly unknown among these tribal people who enjoy stable health and exhibit remarkable athletic ability. After returning to Switzerland, Műller realized that walking on modern hard surfaces would require a different approach to achieve the soft-landing heel strike he experienced on softer ground. Hence, the introduction of ultra soft wedge in the heel of the shoe – he credited his innova- tion to the famous African tribe and named it the Masai sensor. (Fig. 2) The name MBT is a simple acronym for Masai Barefoot Technology. Inserting a deliberately collapsing heel into the shoe automati- cally resulted in two biomechanical changes. 1) It allowed the foot to achieve more dorsi- flexion in the sagittal plane with a softer heel strike and 2) it created a midsole rocker in the middle of the shoe resulting in an active rolling Current Pedorthics | May/June 2018 41