consciousness were equated but not differentiated.
Without politics many educated people may remain
as left nationalists, anti-Muslim and anti-Nizam rule.
They may fight militantly and they no doubt fought
militantly. The party members should understand the
programme of the party and inculcate party
consciousness. They should clearly understand that
the struggle was not only against Nizam, but also
continue after the downfall of Nizam to establish a
new socialist society. This sould be the basis for their
consciousness. There was almost no effort to
inculcate such a consciousness. Senior leaders had
such understanding due to political education they
received earlier. But the youth that came into the
party during the struggle had no such understanding.
Lack of political education haunted the movement
from the beginning. There was scope fpr left
nationalists, revolutionary nationalists and other
forces to exist in the unity against Nizam.Along with
them there were leading comrades and cadres who
were politically conscious. There was no effort from
the side of the party to explain and convince the
nationalist revolutionaries about the party
programme that anti-Nizam struggle was an agrarian
revolutionary programme and it had to be waged
through armed struggle and it had to be continued
against the Nehru’s government. This left the scope
for the understanding – though not in a categorical
manner- that armed struggle ends with the fall if
Nizam. So the lack of political education policy led
to such development. This caused harm at a later
time” (Telangan Peasant Armed Struggle- D.V.Rao
– 1983-85).
Telangana peasant armed struggle took place
in the context of the socialist construction in Soviet
Union, defeat of fascism in the World War II,
formation of peoples democracies in Eastern Europe
and victory of new democratic revolution in China
and it provided valuable lessons to the present day
revolutionary movement.
The communist party metamorphosed from
reformism to revisionism and practiced it. Though
the struggle against revisionism began in 1955, the
differences got expressed within the framework of
reformism. That was why struggle started on
ideological positions of CPI(M) in 1967. As the CPI(M)
was moving away from the agrarian revolution,
peoples democracy and dictatorship of Proletariat,
struggle was waged on both the ideological and
practical fronts.
The movement of workers, adivasis and
peasants in Darjeeling district of West Bengal. The
November - 2017
movement of adivasis in Srikakulam district of AP
and the peoples resistance to attacks by the land-
lords in Khamma and Warrangal districts of AP were
going on by the time of 1957. These struggles made
it clear that the fight against reformism and
revisionism in Indian Communist movement was not
completed.
Elections became the main form of struggle
instead of it being one of many forms of struggle,
the ill effects of which harmed the communist party.it
restricted its activities to propaganda and agitations
on partial issues and spontaneous struggles> the
Party organized weakened. When asked by the press
reporters Com. TN said:
“The difficulties are of course our own mistakes
during the last 16 years which have naturally led us
to a condition of disorganization. To be frank, we are
not organized in a way we ought to be if we were to
function in a revolutionary way. We have created
illusions among the people about the parliamentary
action, organized the communist party’s machinery
in a very parliamentary way. The old discipline has
been lost; the old unselfish tendency has gone to
waste. The old hard work was disappeared. Every-
thing that a revolutionary needed has been lost. We
must rebuild. This will be our greatest difficulty”.
Naxalbari Armed Resistance
“In fact, for Factual and proper assessment one
is to go back to the days peasant movement of 1959.
Everybody knows that the then congress
government of West Bengal enacted ceiling on land
and consciously kept loopholes to deprive the
peasants from land. The Provincial Kisan Council
of West Bengal (CPI period) decided to give a call
to stop benami transactions by the landlords within
the limits of certain dates ie. legally. But the Kisan
Sabha of Siliguri Committee opposed the move and
stressed that if benami transfers were to be stopped
then one should start with the enacted ceiling on the
cultivable and non-cultivable land and only the ceiling
land under preview of the enactment should be left
out and all the rest beyond the ceiling should be
captured. This was opposed by the PKC. Inspite of
this, Kisan Sabha launched the struggle against
benami transfers.
Inspite of official withdrawal, the struggle for land
went on unabated. This period was covered by
complex situation. Anti-China hysteria and division
of party created immense political problems and
along with it there were attacks on comrades by the
government. The comrades were thrown into prison
twice; once in the year 1962-64 and again in the year
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